{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T06:06:03Z","timestamp":1789538763280,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TB remains the leading opportunistic infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is a key strategy for TB prevention, yet uptake remains suboptimal. This study examined barriers and facilitators to IPT uptake among adult PLHIV and health care providers (HCPs) using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted at the BJ Government Medical College ART Centre, Pune, India, from May 2022 to July 2023. Qualitative data from 11 in-depth interviews (5 PLHIV, 6 HCPs) were thematically analysed using MAXQDA-2022, and quantitative data from 201 PLHIV were analysed using R.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 201 PLHIV, 50% (n = 100) completed IPT, 38% (n = 77) missed doses, and 23% (n = 47) reported side effects. Integrated analysis identified drug stock-outs as the dominant system-level barrier, alongside facility-level constraints such as limited counselling due to staff shortages. Individual-level barriers included fear of side effects and time constraints. Facilitators included effective counselling, family support, perceived preventive benefits, motivation, and trust in providers. HCPs emphasised assertive counselling, routine IPT prescription, and regular follow-up as critical to improving IPT completion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ensuring an uninterrupted drug supply, sufficient staffing, and structured counselling is essential for strengthening IPT implementation within HIV programmes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0802","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:48:46Z","timestamp":1789537726000},"page":"545-551","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Implementation insights into bridging the gaps in isoniazid preventive therapy uptake in adults with HIV"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Nevrekar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"PM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Gupte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Dhumal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Shrisunder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Ubale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Munde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Suryavanshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518667"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) . Global Tuberculosis Report 2019. Geneva: WHO, 2019."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.3","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO fact sheet on HIV and AIDS 2025-WHO. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2025. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/hiv-aids."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.4","unstructured":"UNAIDS . Topic tuberculosis. Geneva, Switzerland: The Joint United Nations Program on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS), 2024. https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/topic\/tuberculosis."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.5","first-page":"1000","article-title":"High early death rate in tuberculosis patients in Malawi","volume":"5","author":"Harries","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.6","unstructured":"World Health Organization . HIV-associated tuberculosis - WHO. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2018. https:\/\/www.who.int\/tb\/areas-of-work\/tb-hiv\/tbhiv_factsheet."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.7","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global tuberculosis report 2020. Geneva: WHO, 2020."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.8","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global tuberculosis report 2024. Geneva: WHO, 2024."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.9","unstructured":"National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) . India HIV Estimates 2023: Technical Report by National AIDS Control Organization and Indian Council of Medical Research \u2013 National Institute of Medical Statistics. New Delhi, India: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, 2023. https:\/\/www.naco.gov."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.10","unstructured":"WHO Three I\u2019s Meeting Intensified Case Finding (ICF) . Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) and TB Infection Control (IC) for people living with HIV, Report of a Joint World Health Organization HIV\/aids and TB Department Meeting. Geneva: WHO, 2008."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/samj.8290"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002787","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002787","article-title":"Controlling latent TB tuberculosis infection in high-burden countries: a neglected strategy to end TB","volume":"16","author":"Churchyard","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704540","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2019.1704540","article-title":"To start or to complete? challenges in implementing tuberculosis preventive therapy among people living with HIV: a mixed-methods study from Karnataka, India","volume":"13","author":"Reddy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Global health action"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0251612","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251612","article-title":"Mixed methods systematic review and metasummary about barriers and facilitators for the implementation of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid\u2014preventive therapies for people living with HIV","volume":"17","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.15","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Rapid communication: on forthcoming changes to the programmatic management of tuberculosis preventive treatment. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2020."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.16","unstructured":"Ministry of Health . India TB Report. New Delhi, India: National TB Elimination Programme, Central TB Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, 2024. https:\/\/tbcindia.mohfw.gov.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/TB-Report_for-Web_08_10-2024-1.pdf (Accessed 11 November 2025)."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-000837"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.18","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India . Guidelines on prevention and management of TB in PLHIV at ART centers. New Delhi, India: MoHFW, GoI; 2016."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.19","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare . Annual Report 2018-2019: National AIDS Organization (NACO). New Delhi, India: National AIDS Control Organisation, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, 2019, pp. 484."},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2024-002576"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0307670","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307670","article-title":"Knowledge of tuberculosis preventive treatment among people living with HIV: a cross-sectional survey in selected regions of Tanzania","volume":"19","author":"Alexander","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000391023.03037.1f"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2023.100349","article-title":"Factors associated with isoniazid preventive treatment interruption and completion among PLHIV in Gombe Hospital, Uganda, 2017\u20132019","volume":"31","author":"Ssendikwanawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000366082.68321.d6"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.25","first-page":"298","article-title":"Tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) in India: a qualitative review","volume":"1","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prev Med Res Rev"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.11.192","article-title":"Coverage of isoniazid preventive therapy among people living with HIV; a retrospective cohort study in Tanzania (2012-2016)","volume":"103","author":"Maokola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jgid.jgid_138_18"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3696-x","article-title":"Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis incidence and associated risk factors among HIV infected adults in Tanzania: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Sabasaba","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30178-9","article-title":"Uptake of tuberculosis prevention therapy in people living with HIV\/AIDS in northern Nigeria: a programme to increase use of isoniazid preventive therapy","volume":"8","author":"Yunusa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0072"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1582_18","article-title":"Effectiveness of isoniazid preventive therapy on incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-Infected adults in programme setting","volume":"152","author":"Padmapriyadarsini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e055226","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-055226","article-title":"Patient and provider\u2019s perspective on barriers and facilitators for medication adherence among adult patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in India: a qualitative evidence synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Krishnamoorthy","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0946","article-title":"High completion rates of isoniazid preventive therapy among persons living with HIV in Swaziland","volume":"21","author":"Adams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091522483933000_3.9.545.34","first-page":"47","article-title":"Uptake of isoniazid preventive therapy and its associated factors among HIV positive patients in an urban health centre, Kenya","volume":"93","author":"Omesa","year":"2016","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"}],"container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0802","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:48:56Z","timestamp":1789537736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0802"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0802"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0802","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}}}