{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T03:05:17Z","timestamp":1783998317151,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinicians, public health workers, and researchers must link multiple laboratory results to individual patient records to identify emerging drug-resistant TB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Determine the proportion of individuals with rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) who developed fluoroquinolone resistance using different data matching methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) from the Western Cape Province, South Africa (January 2008 to June 2015), were used to identify patients with RR-TB who developed fluoroquinolone resistance after initial susceptibility. We used four methods to link patient results: A) exact match on NHLS patient number; B) exact match on surname, first name, and date of birth; C) custom algorithm (Stellenbosch University) using approximate matches for patient-identifying variables; and D) custom iterative approximate linkage developed for this study. We manually reviewed matches identified by each method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 30,381 laboratory results showing rifampicin and fluoroquinolone susceptibility. Estimates of resistance development were 4% using methods A and B, and 8% using methods C and D. Across methods, 688 unique patients who developed fluoroquinolone resistance were identified, 598 of which were correct by manual review. Method D identified 587 (98%) of these correctly matched patients, the largest proportion across these methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Customised approximate linkage approaches maximised correct patient matches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.26.0043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:33:57Z","timestamp":1783996437000},"page":"428-434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantifying emergent drug-resistant TB using laboratory data and record-linkage methods"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"C.H.","family":"Rhea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Maruri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Ghebrekristos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Dheda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.R.","family":"Sterling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.F.","family":"van der Heijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: Module 4: treatment - drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update. Geneva: WHO, 2022."},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization . WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: Module 4: treatment - drug-susceptible tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update. Geneva: WHO, 2022."},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202410-2096ST"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0766","article-title":"Older age at first tuberculosis diagnosis is associated with tuberculosis recurrence in HIV-negative persons","volume":"22","author":"van der Heijden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2117-3"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2013.05.001","article-title":"Lack of patient registration in the electronic TB register for sputum smear-positive patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"93","author":"Bristow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.19.0014"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckv092"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2012-201376"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.10","first-page":"337","article-title":"Accuracy and completeness of recording of confirmed tuberculosis in two South African communities","volume":"15","author":"Dunbar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e320","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00044-6","article-title":"Mortality from drug-resistant tuberculosis in high-burden countries comparing routine drug susceptibility testing with whole-genome sequencing: a multicentre cohort study","volume":"2","author":"Z\u00fcrcher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.12","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Antimicrobial resistance. Geneva: WHO, 2023."},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2025.108203"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2033400"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ziganshina LE , Fluoroquinolones for treating tuberculosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(3):CD004795.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004795.pub2"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.16","unstructured":"All of Us Research Program . Data curation questions. Bethesda, MD, USA: National Institutes of Health, 2025. https:\/\/support.researchallofus.org\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/360040049672-What-does-shifted-event-date-mean."},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.05.038"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0413"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.11.0010"},{"issue":"Spring","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.20","first-page":"1e","article-title":"Why patient matching is a challenge: research on master patient index (MPI) data discrepancies in key identifying fields","volume":"13","author":"Just","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perspect Health Inf Manag"},{"key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2018.09.009","article-title":"Building capacity for advances in tuberculosis research; proceedings of the third RePORT international meeting","volume":"113","author":"Van Der Heijden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.22","first-page":"146045822211390","article-title":"Progress towards unique patient identification and case-based surveillance within the Southern African development community","volume":"29","author":"Govender","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Inf J"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100909","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(24)00149-6","article-title":"Bedaquiline: what might the future hold?","volume":"5","author":"Shaw","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e559","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(24)00144-0","article-title":"The epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, and management of drug-resistant tuberculosis\u2014lessons from the South African experience","volume":"24","author":"Naidoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026071319334890000_3.7.428.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440782","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2018.1440782","article-title":"Developing and implementing national health identifiers in resource limited countries: why, what, who, when and how?","volume":"11","author":"Beck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"}],"container-title":["IJTLD Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.26.0043","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:34:00Z","timestamp":1783996440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.26.0043"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/ijtldopen.26.0043"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/ijtldopen.26.0043","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}}}