{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T11:22:05Z","timestamp":1791976925155,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"Supplement 2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["public health action"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Setting:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Civilian population of the Republic of Azerbaijan.\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine patterns of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance among new and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases, and explore their association with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.\n                    <jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold>\n                    National cross-sectional survey conducted in 2012\u20132013.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Of 789 patients (549 new and 240 previously treated) who met the enrolment criteria, 231 (42%) new and 146 (61%) previously treated patients were resistant to any anti-tuberculosis drug; 72 (13%) new and 66 (28%) previously treated patients had multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Among MDR-TB cases, 38% of new and 46% of previously treated cases had pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) or XDR-TB. In previously treated cases, 51% of those who had failed treatment had MDR-TB, which was 15 times higher than in relapse cases (OR 15.2, 95%CI 6\u201339). The only characteristic significantly associated with MDR-TB was a history of previous treatment (OR 3.1, 95%CI 2.1\u20134.7); for this group, history of incarceration was an additional risk factor for MDR-TB (OR 2.8, 95%CI 1.1\u20137.4).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Azerbaijan remains a high MDR-TB burden country. There is a need to implement countrywide control and innovative measures to accelerate early diagnosis of drug resistance in individual patients, improve treatment adherence and strengthen routine surveillance of drug resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.14.0049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,21]],"date-time":"2014-10-21T18:23:11Z","timestamp":1413915791000},"page":"S17-S23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["First national survey of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Azerbaijan and risk factors analysis"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Alikhanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Akhundova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Seyfaddinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Mammadbayov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Mirtskulava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"R\u00fcsch-Gerdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Bayramov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Suleymanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dadu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. D.","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. D.","family":"Harries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Dara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"container-title":["Public Health Action"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/pha.14.0049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T17:25:21Z","timestamp":1768411521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/pha.14.0049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Supplement 2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/pha.14.0049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/pha.14.0049","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-8372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2220-8372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}}}