{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T04:06:45Z","timestamp":1768450005720,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["public health action"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Setting:<\/jats:bold>\n                    One national and two regional tuberculosis (TB) hospitals in Georgia.\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To define the factors associated with private primary health care (PPHC) provider delay in TB diagnosis and treatment.\n                    <jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This was a cross-sectional study of data collected from consecutive patients with pulmonary TB from July 2015 to August 2016, complemented by qualitative data collected among PPHC providers\/managers, TB patients and policy makers.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    PPHC provider delay (&gt;2 weeks from the first medical consultation for TB symptoms to the initiation of TB treatment) occurred in 43.8% of 320 TB patients. Modifiable factors significantly associated with PPHC provider delay included receiving any non-specific treatment before diagnosis of TB (adjusted OR [aOR] 9.45, 95%CI 5.10\u201317.51), adequate knowledge of TB (aOR 0.35, 95%CI 0.12\u20130.99) and lower TB-related stigma (aOR 0.47, 95%CI 0.28\u20130.81). Inappropriate referral of presumptive TB patients to general health facilities for chest X-ray examination, often followed by misinterpretation of X-ray results in these facilities, might mislead PPHC providers to initiate presumptive TB patients on non-specific treatment.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    PPHC provider delay in TB diagnosis and treatment is common in Georgia, highlighting a need for targeted interventions to improve identification and referral of presumptive TB patients to specialised TB services and Xpert testing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.19.0001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]],"date-time":"2019-11-02T00:37:37Z","timestamp":1572655057000},"page":"84-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Private primary health care provider delay in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in Georgia"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Djibuti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kasrashvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Zurashvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"container-title":["Public Health Action"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.5588\/pha.19.0001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T16:48:58Z","timestamp":1768409338000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.theunion.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.5588\/pha.19.0001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.5588\/pha.19.0001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5588\/pha.19.0001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2220-8372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2220-8372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}}}