{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:07:24Z","timestamp":1791320844509,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"Supplement 1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["public health action"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>SETTING:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Nine drug-resistant TB centres, some of them supported by Damien Foundation in Nepal where &gt;80% of multidrug-resistant\/rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR\/RR-TB) patients are treated.\n                    <jats:bold>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To assess the uptake, effectiveness and safety of the 9\u201312-month shorter treatment regimen (STR) in MDR\/RR-TB patients registered from January 2018 to December 2019.\n                    <jats:bold>DESIGN:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This was a cohort study involving secondary programme data.\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Of 631 patients, 301 (48.0%) started and continued STR. Key reasons for ineligibility to start\/continue STR were baseline resistance or exposure to second-line drugs (62.0%), contact with extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) or pre-XDR-TB (7.0%) patients and unavailability of STR drugs (6.0%). Treatment success was 79.6%; unsuccessful outcomes were death (12.0%), lost to follow-up (5.3%), failure (2.7%) and not evaluated (0.7%). Unsuccessful outcomes were significantly associated with HIV positivity and patient age 55 years, with adjusted relative risk of respectively 2.39 (95% CI 1.52\u20133.77) and 3.86 (95% CI 2.30\u20136.46). Post-treatment recurrence at 6 and 12 months was respectively 0.5% and 2.4%. Serious adverse events (SAEs) were seen in 15.3% patients \u2014 hepatotoxicity and ototoxicity were most common.\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold>\n                    STR had a modest uptake, high treatment success and low post-treatment recurrence. For proper detection and management of SAEs, improving pharmacovigilance might be considered. Availability of rapid diagnostic test for second-line drugs is crucial for correct patient management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.21.0041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,8]],"date-time":"2021-11-08T23:47:33Z","timestamp":1636415253000},"page":"38-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["High success and low recurrence with shorter treatment regimen for multidrug-resistant TB in Nepal"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Koirala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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