{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:18:43Z","timestamp":1787678323678,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["public health action"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five health facilities in Lusaka, Zambia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An observational study to describe activities of a technical assistance project in 2019\u20132021 with baseline epidemiological indicators in 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The number of presumptive tuberculosis (TB) cases at the five sites significantly rose from 7,063 in 2018 to 48,250 in 2021 with a total diagnosis of 9,642 cases of all types of TB and 4,747 cases of bacteriologically positive TB in the 4 years. The percentage of the bacteriologically positive cases among the presumptive TB ones varied from 8.2% to 11.3% in facilities. The proportion of bacteriologically positive TB among the presumptive TB cases at five sites declined from 14.1% in 2018\u20132019 to 8.3% in 2020\u20132021 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Treatment success rates maintained high over 85% in four facilities, whereas in the other improved significantly. The \u2018not evaluated\u2019 rates of treatment outcomes dropped from 7.0% at all the facilities in 2018\u20132019 to 1.0% in 2020. During the project, three GeneXpert and a digital X-ray machines were installed in the facilities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Investment in TB, particularly in diagnostic tools, and training of health care workers, coupled with close monitoring of health workers and community volunteers, can greatly improve core TB indicators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.26.0029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:25:05Z","timestamp":1787675105000},"page":"288-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiological trends in tuberculosis during a technical assistance project, Lusaka, Zambia, 2018\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.5588","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Daka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hirao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Samungole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3554","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082509250073000_16.3.288.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Global Tuberculosis Report, 2025. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2025."},{"key":"2026082509250073000_16.3.288.2","unstructured":"World Health Organization . The END TB Strategy. Geneva: WHO, 2015."},{"key":"2026082509250073000_16.3.288.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.16.0016"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026082509250073000_16.3.288.4","first-page":"113","article-title":"Which community volunteers participate most frequently in support programs for TB patients? 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Revised 2022 census of population and housing: summary report volume II. Zambia Statistics Agency. Lusaka, Zambia: ZSA, 2022. https:\/\/www.zamstats.gov.zm\/Publications\/Revised%202022%20Census%20of%20Population%20and%20Housing%20Summary%20Report%20Volume%20II.pdf."},{"key":"2026082509250073000_16.3.288.17","unstructured":"National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme . Ministry of Health, Republic of Zambia. In: Consolidated Tuberculosis Guidelines. 1st ed. Lusaka, Zambia: Ministry of Health, 2022."},{"key":"2026082509250073000_16.3.288.18","unstructured":"World Health Organization . Definitions and reporting framework for tuberculosis-2013 revision, updated December 2014 and January 2020. 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