{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:20:16Z","timestamp":1787678416082,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["public health action"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical oncology department in a tertiary care hospital, South India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate trends, profile, causes, and timing of inpatient deaths among cancer patients between 2016 and 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort study using secondary data from electronic medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 474 inpatient deaths. Despite an 11-fold increase in annual admissions (119 to 1,355), inpatient mortality rates remained relatively stable (range 4%\u201310%). Mean age at death was 63 years (\n                      <jats:underline>+<\/jats:underline>\n                      12), 64% were male, 73% had metastases, and 84% had poor performance status. Most patients (78%) were emergency admissions, 41% utilised palliative care services, and 75% consented to no end-of-life support. Leading immediate causes of death were cancer progression (57%), organ failure (21%), and sepsis (15%), and the leading underlying cause of death was cancer progression (83%). Median time from admission to death was 5 days (interquartile range: 2\u201310). Admission for treatment-related complications (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 10.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.7\u201332.3) and no consent for end-of-life support (aRR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1\u20136.0) predicted treatment-related deaths, while recent systemic therapy (aRR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5\u20130.97) protected against early death.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer progression predominates as the cause of inpatient mortality. Despite increasing admissions over 10 years, inpatient mortality rates remained stable. Nevertheless, preventing treatment-related deaths and integrating palliative care early remain critical quality-of-care priorities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5588\/pha.26.0040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:24:06Z","timestamp":1787675046000},"page":"244-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Why do cancer patients die? 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