{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T20:01:28Z","timestamp":1782417688448,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"STEF92 Technology","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing focus on sustainability necessitates the examination of environmental impacts across all sectors, including pyrotechnics. Pollutant emissions have been extensively studied, but information on sustainability in the pyrotechnics sector is scarce. Thus, a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) to study two widely used pyrotechnic devices: bangers and shells was carried out, in order to analyze the environmental footprint and detect points where action can be taken. Using SimaPro software and the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) methodology, the analysis includes all the processes involved from the manufacture of the devices up to their use and end of life, including their distribution. Although the impact on climate change of the devices studied is minimal compared to other products in everyday use, the acquisition of raw materials and their distribution is the stage that contributes the most to the overall environmental impact (60%), while the use of hazardous raw materials, especially potassium perchlorate, and plastics as containers for pyrotechnic compositions, also present important environmental problems. Therefore, measures to reduce the effects of these fireworks should focus on the selection and reduction of raw materials and the elimination of plastic compounds in their designs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5593\/sgem2024\/4.1\/s17.18","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T12:26:52Z","timestamp":1733315212000},"page":"139-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["LIFE-CYCLE ANALYSIS OF FIREWORKS: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND IMPROVEMENT OPPORTUNITIES"],"prefix":"10.5593","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Leon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Fuels, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas y Energia, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid; TECMINERGY, Technical University of Madrid, Spain, C\/Eric Kandel, 1 (TECNOGETAFE), Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bolonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Fuels, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas y Energia, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid; TECMINERGY, Technical University of Madrid, Spain, C\/Eric Kandel, 1 (TECNOGETAFE), Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Amez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Fuels, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas y Energia, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid; TECMINERGY, Technical University of Madrid, Spain, C\/Eric Kandel, 1 (TECNOGETAFE), Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Fuels, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas y Energia, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Castells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Energy and Fuels, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Minas y Energia, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, TECMINERGY, Technical University of Madrid, Spain, C\/Eric Kandel, 1 (TECNOGETAFE), Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de la UPM","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3602","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","unstructured":"[1] \ufffdRES\/70\/1. Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development,\ufffd Seventieth United Nations General Assembly, New York, vol. 25, pp. 86\ufffd97, 2015."},{"key":"ref=2","unstructured":"[2] \ufffdThe European Green Deal - European Commission.\ufffd Accessed: Mar. 08, 2024. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/strategy-and-policy\/priorities-2019-2024\/european-green-deal_en"},{"key":"ref=3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[3] J. J. Sabatini, \ufffdAdvances toward the development of \ufffdGreen\ufffd pyrotechnics,\ufffd Green Energetic Materials, pp. 63\ufffd102, 2014.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118676448.ch04"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[4] G. Steinhauser and T. M. Klapotke, \ufffd\ufffdGreen\ufffd pyrotechnics: a chemists\ufffd challenge,\ufffd Angewandte Chemie International Edition, vol. 47, no. 18, pp. 3330\ufffd3347, 2008.","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200704510"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[5] M. S. Russell, The chemistry of fireworks. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2009.","DOI":"10.1039\/9781847558916"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[6] C. Hickey et al., \ufffdToxicity of particles emitted by fireworks,\ufffd Part Fibre Toxicol, vol. 17, pp. 1\ufffd11, 2020.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-020-00360-4"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[7] A. K. Singh and A. 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Fullana-i-Palmer, \ufffdWhen plastic packaging should be preferred: Life cycle analysis of packages for fruit and vegetable distribution in the Spanish peninsular market,\ufffd Resour Conserv Recycl, vol. 155, p. 104666, 2020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.104666"}],"event":{"name":"24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24","theme":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","location":"Albena, Bulgaria","acronym":"SGEM24","number":"24","sponsor":["SGEM WORLD SCIENCE (SWS) Scholarly Society, Austria"],"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]]}},"container-title":["SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference\ufffd EXPO Proceedings","24th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM 2024, Energy and Clean Technologies, Vol 24, Issue 4.1"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:28:39Z","timestamp":1782415719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/epslibrary.at\/items\/a0e180da-950c-472b-92b9-1355dae9bd20\/life-cycle-analysis-of-fireworks-environmental-impact-and-improvement-opportunities"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"references-count":16,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5593\/sgem2024\/4.1\/s17.18","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2704","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]}}}