{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T20:02:00Z","timestamp":1782417720713,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"STEF92 Technology","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Metallurgy is one of the leaders in terms of the amount of accumulated waste worldwide. Every year the amount of waste placed in dumps, sludge ponds, tailings ponds only grows. However, at present, tailings, slag, dust, etc. of metallurgical enterprises are considered the most promising for secondary use and the extraction of valuable metals from tailings is an important problem in the world.\nIn Kazakhstan, the technology of processing nickel-cobalt-containing tailings is practically undeveloped. Sokolov-Sarybai Mining Production Association Joint-Stock Company (SSGPO JSC) in Kazakhstan, loses more than 7 thousand tons of nickel and 14 thousand tons of cobalt per year. For processing this type of raw material, a combined technology that includes preliminary roasting and leaching processes is acceptable.\nThe aim of the work is a thermodynamic analysis of the roasting process of wet magnetic separation (wms) tailings of the SSGPO JSC, containing such main components as nickel, cobalt and iron sulfides.\nThermodynamic analysis of the roasting of wms tailings in the temperature range from 500 to 750\ufffdC showed that in the presence of a limited amount of oxygen, the formation of iron sulfides of the following compositions is possible: Fe0.877S, FeS, Fe2S3, Fe7S8. Nickel and cobalt sulfides are converted into Ni3S2, Ni3S4 and CoS0.89, CoS, respectively. In this temperature range, within the homogeneity region, the transformation of cobalt and nickel sulfides also occurs. The calculated values of the Gibbs free energy confirm the possibility of reactions of formation of low-sulfide compounds and the optimal condition for firing is the temperature range of 600-700\ufffdC. Depending on the firing conditions, interconversion of iron, nickel and cobalt sulfides occurs.\nThe results of thermodynamic analysis confirm the possibility of extracting iron, nickel and cobalt from wms tailings in the form of soluble low-sulfide compounds with subsequent extraction from the tailings in the form of individual metal powders. Combined technology for processing this type of raw material will be a good example of the use of circular economy principles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5593\/sgem2024v\/4.2\/s17.22","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T18:35:16Z","timestamp":1742841316000},"page":"151-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS SULFATIZING ROASTING OF STALE NICKEL-COBALT-CONTAINING WASTES FROM OPERATING PLANTS"],"prefix":"10.5593","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1094-5345","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kulzira","family":"Mamyrbayeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department \ufffdMetallurgical Processes, Heat Engineering and Technology of Special Materials\ufffd, Mining and Metallurgical Institute, Satbayev University, Almaty","place":["Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7810-7500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Almira","family":"Kuandykova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department \ufffdMetallurgical Processes, Heat Engineering and Technology of Special Materials\ufffd, Mining and Metallurgical Institute, Satbayev University, Almaty","place":["Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6526-0044","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"T. A.","family":"Chepushtanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department \ufffdMetallurgical Processes, Heat Engineering and Technology of Special Materials\ufffd, Mining and Metallurgical Institute, Satbayev University, Almaty","place":["Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3602","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[1] Mends, E. A., Arthur, S. E., Tita, A. M., Hussaini, S., Osho, B., Timilsina, A., Chu, P., \/ Leaching nickel sulfide tailings with activated carbon in sulfuric acid medium \/ Separation and Purification Technology, Netherlands \/ Vol 353, 1873-3794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.128520"},{"key":"ref=2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[2]  Karppinen, A., Seisko, S., & Lundstrom, M., \/ Atmospheric leaching of Ni, Co, Cu, and Zn from sulfide tailings using various oxidants \/ Minerals Engineering, England \/ Vol 207, 1872-9444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2024.108576"},{"key":"ref=3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[3] Hosseini, S. A., Raygan, S., Rezaei, A., Jafari, A., \/ Leaching of nickel from a secondary source by sulfuric acid \/ Journal of environmental chemical engineering, United Kingdom \/ Vol 5\/ Issue 4, 2213-2929, pp 3922-3929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2017.07.059"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[4] Mamyrbayeva, K.K., Kuandykova, A.N., Chepushtanova, T.A., Merkibayev, Y.S. \/ Review on hydrometallurgical processing technology of lateritic nickel ore for the last 20 years in the world \/ Non-ferrous Metals, Russia, Vol 56\/ Issue 1, 2072-0807 pp. 13\ufffd21","DOI":"10.17580\/nfm.2024.01.03"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[5] Mends, E. A., Tita, A. M., Hussaini, S., Thella, J. S., Pan, L., & Chu, P. (2024). Investigation of leaching of nickel sulfide flotation tailings to recover valuable metals \/ Minerals Engineering, England, Vol 212, \/ 1872-9444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2024.108716"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[6] Chang, Y., Zhai, X., Li, B., Fu, Y., \/ Removal of iron from acidic leach liquor of lateritic nickel ore by goethite precipitate \/ Hydrometallurgy, Netherlands, Vol 101 \/ Issue 1-2, 0304-386X , pp 84-87.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2009.11.014"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[7] Yu, D., Utigard, T.A. Barati, M., \/ Fluidized Bed Selective Oxidation-Sulfation Roasting of Nickel Sulfide Concentrate: Part I. Oxidation Roasting \/ Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, United States Vol 45, \/ 1073-5615 pp 653\ufffd661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11663-013-9958-x"},{"key":"ref=8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[8] Yu, D., Utigard, T.A. & Barati, M., \/ Fluidized Bed Selective Oxidation-Sulfation Roasting of Nickel Sulfide Concentrate: Part II. Sulfation Roasting \/ Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, United States, Vol 45 \/ 10735615, pp 662\ufffd674","DOI":"10.1007\/s11663-013-9959-9"},{"key":"ref=9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[9] Alajoki, J., Karppinen, A., Rinne, T., Serna-Guerrero, R., & Lundstrom, M., \/ Leaching strategies for the recovery of Co, Ni, Cu and Zn from historical tailings \/ Minerals Engineering, England, Vol 217 \/ 1872-9444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mineng.2024.108967"},{"key":"ref=10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[10] Bryson, L. J., & Crundwell, F. K., \/ The anodic dissolution of pyrite (FeS2) in hydrochloric acid solutions \/  Hydrometallurgy, Netherlands, Vol 143 \/ 0304-386X , pp 42-53.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hydromet.2014.01.005"}],"event":{"name":"24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024","theme":"SGEM Vienna GREEN Green Science for Green Life","location":"Vienna, Austria","acronym":"SGEM2024","number":"24","sponsor":["SGEM WORLD SCIENCE (SWS) Scholarly Society, Austria"],"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,30]]}},"container-title":["SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference\ufffd EXPO Proceedings","24th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM 2024, Energy and Clean Technologies, Vol 24, Issue 4.2"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:29:25Z","timestamp":1782415765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/epslibrary.at\/items\/91890e22-5ac4-435f-b3af-550119e233b9\/thermodynamic-analysis-sulfatizing-roasting-of-stale-nickel-cobalt-containing-wastes-from-"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]},"references-count":10,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5593\/sgem2024v\/4.2\/s17.22","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2704","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,15]]}}}