{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:59:00Z","timestamp":1782417540904,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"STEF92 Technology","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC, h) is critical for evaluating the thermal performance of Trombe Walls (TW), passive solar heating systems that utilize solar energy for space heating. This study analyzes convective and radiative HTC mechanisms on a TW absorber surface, emphasizing factors such as airflow patterns, surface roughness, temperature gradients, emissivity, and environmental conditions (solar radiation, ambient temperature, wind speed). Experimental and numerical methods were applied to quantify HTC for a south-facing aluminium Trombe Wall installed in Varna, during the heating season. Results demonstrated that optimizing absorber surface properties and design parameters significantly improves TW thermal efficiency. The empirically derived total HTC (h = 3.7 W\/m\ufffdK) aligned with theoretical models, validating the methodology. This work provides actionable insights for designing energy-efficient TW systems, emphasizing their role in reducing carbon emissions and offering sustainable off-grid heating solutions. The TW\ufffds low- temperature operation further enhances indoor thermal comfort, underscoring its viability for green building integration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5593\/sgem2025\/4.1\/s16.15","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T10:08:13Z","timestamp":1763806093000},"page":"117-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER IN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE GLASS AND THE ABSORBER OF AN UNVENTILATED TROMBE WALL"],"prefix":"10.5593","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Chakarova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University Varna","place":["Bulgaria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boyan","family":"Galabov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University Varna","place":["Bulgaria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3602","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[1] Malinowski, Z., Hadala, B., & Cebo-Rudnicka, A. (Year). Inverse solutions to a vertical plate cooling in air: A comparative study. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 188 (2022) 122636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.122636"},{"key":"ref=2","unstructured":"[2] Stankov, B., & Kaloyanov, N. (2011). [Models of heat transfer processes in a non-ventilated Trombe wall]. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), (Original title: ?????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ? ?????????????? ????? ?? ?????. Retrieved May 11th 2025,\nhttps:\/\/e-university.tu-sofia.bg\/e- publ\/files\/806_doklad_Stankov_Kaloyanov_2011.pdf )"},{"key":"ref=3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[3] Singh, H., & O\ufffdBrien, P. G. (2022). Semi-transparent water-based Trombe Walls for passive air and water heating. Buildings, 12 (1632), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/buildings12101632","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings12101632"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[4] Khalilpoor, N., Aouinet, H., Issakhov, A., Sammouda, H., Emani, S., & Dhahri, M. (Year). Numerical study on the thermal performance of Trombe Walls for passive solar building in semiarid climate. International Journal of Photoenergy, Volume 2021, Article ID 6630140, 12 pages https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/6630140","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6630140"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[5] Mohaghegh, M. R., et al.: Entropy Generation Analysis of Free Convection from\ufffd THERMAL SCIENCE, Year 2016, Vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 1855-1866","DOI":"10.2298\/TSCI140103092M"},{"key":"ref=6","unstructured":"[6] Kaloyanov, N., Stankov, B., Tomov, G., & Penkova, N. (Year). Efficiency of transparent structures in Trombe Walls. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 53, 6, 2018, 1157-1166"},{"key":"ref=7","unstructured":"[7] Schweizer, F. N. (n.d.). W\ufffdrme\ufffdbergang bei Gasen [Heat transfer in gases]. Retrieved May 5th, 2025, from https:\/\/www.schweizer- fn.de\/stoff\/wuebergang_gase\/wuebergang_gase.php>"},{"key":"ref=8","unstructured":"[8] Kalogirou, S. A. (2009). Solar energy engineering: Processes and systems. Academic Press."},{"key":"ref=9","unstructured":"[9] Butti & Perlin, 1980: A Golden Thread: 2500 Years of Solar Architecture and Technology."},{"key":"ref=10","unstructured":"[10] Trombe, F., Robert, J. F., Cabanot, M., & Sesolis, B. (1977). Some performance characteristics of the Trombe-Michel wall. Solar Energy, 19(3), 309\ufffd312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0038-092X(77)90068-9"},{"key":"ref=11","unstructured":"[11] Incropera, F. P., & DeWitt, D. P. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (5th ed.). Wiley., 2002"},{"key":"ref=12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[12] Churchill, S. W., & Chu, H. H. S. (1975). Correlating equations for laminar and turbulent free convection from a vertical plate. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 18(11), 1323\ufffd1329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0017- 9310(75)90243-7","DOI":"10.1016\/0017-9310(75)90243-4"},{"key":"ref=13","unstructured":"[13] YUNUS A. CENGEL, HEAT TRANSFER, A Practical Approach, second edition - https:\/\/www.scribd.com\/document\/80210608\/Heat-Transfer-A- Practical-Approach-Yunus-a- Cengel"}],"event":{"name":"25th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2025","theme":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","location":"Albena, Bulgaria","acronym":"SGEM2025","number":"25","sponsor":["SGEM WORLD SCIENCE (SWS) Scholarly Society, Austria"],"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,29]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]]}},"container-title":["SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference\ufffd EXPO Proceedings","25th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM2025, Energy and Clean Technologies, Vol25, Issue 4.1"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:25:49Z","timestamp":1782415549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/epslibrary.at\/items\/1695af0c-8fa9-4137-8788-bffcc9042020\/investigation-of-heat-transfer-in-the-space-between-the-glass-and-the-absorber-of-an-unven"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]]},"references-count":13,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5593\/sgem2025\/4.1\/s16.15","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2704","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]]}}}