{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T06:42:52Z","timestamp":1784356972300,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":490,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Hepatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,27]],"date-time":"2017-12-27T18:53:49Z","timestamp":1514400829000},"page":"54-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Subgenotype D4 in Northeast Brazil: an Ancient Relic from African Continent?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Max D.","family":"Cruz-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele S.","family":"Gomes-Gouv\u00eaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jomar D.","family":"Costa-Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Malta-Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinilde","family":"Teles-Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena M.","family":"Fonseca-Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flair J.","family":"Carrilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adalgisa de S.","family":"Paiva-Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o R.","family":"Rebello-Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.625","article-title":"Economic evaluations of hepatitis B immunization: a global review of recent studies (1994-2000)","volume":"10","author":"Beutels","year":"2001","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0","article-title":"Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"380","author":"Lozano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0015","unstructured":"WHO. Hepatitis B key facts. Fact sheet no. 204 Available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs204\/en\/. 2015."},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0020","first-page":"868","article-title":"Global progress toward universal childhood hepatitis B vaccination","volume":"52","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61412-X","article-title":"Estimations of worldwide prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systematic review of data published between 1965 and 2013","volume":"386","author":"Schweitzer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.116","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity","volume":"30","author":"Ott","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.81.240","article-title":"Population-based multicentric survey of hepatitis B infection and risk factor differences among three regions in Brazil","volume":"81","author":"Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0176-2015","article-title":"Distribution of hepatitis B infection in Brazil: the epidemiological situation at the beginning of the 21 st century","volume":"49","author":"Souto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21049","article-title":"Relationship of serological subtype, basic core promoter and precore mutations to genotypes\/subgenotypes of hepatitis B virus","volume":"80","author":"Kramvis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1159\/000080872","article-title":"Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains derived worldwide: genotypes, sub-genotypes, and HBsAg subtypes","volume":"47","author":"Norder","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5657","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02556-07","article-title":"New complex recombinant genotype of hepatitis B virus identified in Vietnam","volume":"82","author":"Tran","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8241","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00793-08","article-title":"When should \u201cI\u201d consider a new hepatitis B virus genotype","volume":"82","author":"Kurbanov","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2013.03.021","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus subgenotyping: history, effects of recombination, misclassifications, and corrections","volume":"16","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10538","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00462-09","article-title":"A genetic variant of hepatitis B virus divergent from known human and ape genotypes isolated from a Japanese patient and provisionally assigned to new genotype J","volume":"83","author":"Tatematsu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2009.00601.x","article-title":"Geographical and genetic diversity of the human hepatitis B virus","volume":"40","author":"Kurbanov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2011.04.017","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection from an evolutionary point of view: how viral, host, and environmental factors shape genotypes and subgenotypes","volume":"11","author":"Araujo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0085","first-page":"601","article-title":"Do we need to determine viral genotype in treating chronic hepatitis B","volume":"17","author":"Cooksley","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.27221","article-title":"Geographic distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype in patients with chronic HBV infection in Japan","volume":"34","author":"Orito","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.03.007","article-title":"High prevalence of hepatitis B virus subgenotypes A1 and D4 in Maranhao state, Northeast Brazil","volume":"24","author":"Barros","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.04.009","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotypes from European origin explains the high endemicity found in some areas from southern Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Bertolini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.013615-0","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus genotypes in outbreaks of fulminant hepatitis (Labrea black fever) in the western Brazilian Amazon region","volume":"90","author":"Gomes-Gouvea","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-7-103","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotypes circulating in Brazil: molecular characterization of genotype F isolates","volume":"7","author":"Mello","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.11.022","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis and subgenotypic distribution of the hepatitis B virus in Recife, Brazil","volume":"14","author":"Moura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-315","article-title":"Characterization of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in patients from Rondonia, Brazil","volume":"7","author":"Santos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.6.2455-2460.2004","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotypes and precore and core mutants in Brazilian patients","volume":"42","author":"Sitnik","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0130","first-page":"27","article-title":"Characterization of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in western Brazilian Amazonia. Braz","volume":"12","author":"Victoria","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2938","article-title":"HBV carrying drug-resistance mutations in chronically infected treatmentnaive patients","volume":"20","author":"Gomes-Gouvea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17063","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017063","article-title":"The genomic ancestry of individuals from different geographical regions of Brazil is more uniform than expected","volume":"6","author":"Pena","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0145","unstructured":"Perbi A. Slavery and the slave trade in pre-colonial Africa. University of Illinois. 2001; p. 1-13."},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1080\/01440390802486507","article-title":"The Atlantic Slave Trade to Maranh\u00e3o, 1680-1846: Volume, Routes and Organisation","volume":"29","year":"2008","journal-title":"Slavery and Abolition"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-415","article-title":"Detection of Hepatitis B virus subgenotype A1 in a Quilombo community from Maranhao, Brazil","volume":"8","author":"Alvarado-Mora","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/339237a0","article-title":"Avoiding false positives with PCR","volume":"339","author":"Kwok","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652010000300001","article-title":"A Real-Time Quantitative Assay for Hepatitis B DNA Virus (Hbv) Developed to Detect All Hbv Genotypes","volume":"52","author":"Sitnik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.8.3.186","article-title":"Base-calling of automated sequencer traces using phred. II. Error probabilities","volume":"8","author":"Ewing","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.8.3.175","article-title":"Base-calling of automated sequencer traces using phred. I. Accuracy assessment","volume":"8","author":"Ewing","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0180","first-page":"95","article-title":"BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95\/98\/NT","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp Ser"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-7-214","article-title":"BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees","volume":"7","author":"Drummond","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0190","unstructured":"IBGE: Censo demogr\u00e1fico 2010: Resultados gerais da amostra. In.: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica, 2012; 239."},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-94","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis delta viruses circulating in the Western Amazon region, North Brazil","volume":"14","author":"Crispim","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-4-13","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection in Haemodialysis Centres from Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil. Predictive risk factors for infection and molecular epidemiology","volume":"4","author":"Carrilho","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-28032010000100003","article-title":"Genotyping of hepatitis B virus in a cohort of patients evaluated in a hospital of Porto Alegre, South of Brazil","volume":"47","author":"Becker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arq Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2007.00099.x","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus genotypes in Europe","volume":"37","author":"Schaefer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0215","unstructured":"Gomes-Gouv\u00eaa MS: Preval\u00eancia de resist\u00eancia prim\u00e1ria aos antivirais utilizados no tratamento da hepatite B entre pacientes com infec\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00f4nica pelo virus da hepatite B n\u00e3o submetidos a tratamento. In. Gastroenterologia. Volume Doutorado. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, 2014."},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37198","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037198","article-title":"Spatial and temporal dynamics of hepatitis B virus D genotype in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin","volume":"7","author":"Zehender","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4063","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01174-10","article-title":"Unique hepatitis B virus subgenotype in a primitive tribal community in eastern India","volume":"48","author":"Ghosh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.009738-0","article-title":"A novel hepatitis B virus subgenotype, D7, in Tunisian blood donors","volume":"90","author":"Meldal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2011.05.007","article-title":"Hepatitis B genotypes\/sub-genotypes and MHR variants among Moroccan chronic carriers","volume":"63","author":"Kitab","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21412","article-title":"Exceptional genetic variability of hepatitis B virus indicates that Rwanda is east of an emerging African genotype E\/A1 divide","volume":"81","author":"Hubschen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-013-0976-1","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus subgenotype A1, occurrence of subgenotype D4, and S gene mutations among voluntary blood donors in Kenya","volume":"47","author":"Kwange","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24437","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus in Ethiopia","volume":"88","author":"Hundie","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2012.04.026","article-title":"HBV genotypes prevalence, precore and basal core mutants in Morocco","volume":"12","author":"Baha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.11.032","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection in post-vaccination South Africa: Occult HBV infection and circulating surface gene variants","volume":"63","author":"Amponsah-Dacosta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e109425","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109425","article-title":"A rare HBV subgenotype D4 with unique genomic signatures identified in northeastern India-an emerging clinical challenge","volume":"9","author":"Banerjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2010.01356.x","article-title":"Distinct geographical and demographic distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in the Canadian Arctic as revealed through an extensive molecular epidemiological survey","volume":"18","author":"Osiowy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e103545","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103545","article-title":"High diversity of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Panamanian blood donors: a molecular analysis of new variants","volume":"9","author":"Martinez","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1508.081642","article-title":"Slave trade and hepatitis B virus genotypes and subgenotypes in Haiti and Africa","volume":"15","author":"Andernach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.055459-0","article-title":"African, Amerindian and European hepatitis B virus strains circulate on the Caribbean Island of Martinique","volume":"94","author":"Brichler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0118959","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118959","article-title":"HBV genotypic variability in Cuba","volume":"10","author":"Loureiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2657","article-title":"Subgenotype A1 of HBV - tracing human migrations in and out of Africa","volume":"18","author":"Kramvis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir Ther"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e105317","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105317","article-title":"Hepatitis B Virus Subgenotype A1: Evolutionary Relationships between Brazilian, African and Asian Isolates","volume":"9","author":"Lago","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0305","first-page":"130","article-title":"As conex\u00f5es do Maranh\u00e3o com a \u00c1frica no tr\u00e1fico atl\u00e2ntico de escravos na segunda metade do s\u00e9culo XVIII","volume":"6","author":"Meireles","year":"2009","journal-title":"Outros Tempos"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.07.006","article-title":"Hepatitis Delta virus genotype 8 infection in Northeast Brazil: inheritance from African slaves","volume":"60","author":"Barros","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virus research"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.08.003","article-title":"The hepatitis delta genotype 8 in Northeast Brazil: The North Atlantic slave trade as the potential route for infection","volume":"224","author":"Santos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7181","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i23.7181","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection in Latin America: A genomic medicine approach","volume":"20","author":"Roman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Worl J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1665268119301073?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1665268119301073?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T10:38:29Z","timestamp":1761647909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1665268119301073"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1665268119301073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535","relation":{},"ISSN":["1665-2681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1665-2681","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Subgenotype D4 in Northeast Brazil: an Ancient Relic from African Continent?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Hepatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5604\/01.3001.0010.7535","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2018 Fundaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica Sur, A.C. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}