{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:37:20Z","timestamp":1790843840116,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol Pol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study investigated the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. \nMaterials and Methods 40 adult patients with \u0441hronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps were examined. All patients underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. After the surgery, 20 patients got the intranasal gel with a bacteriophages mixture (Otofag, Micromir, Russia) twice a day for ten weeks, and 20 patients got a placebo. \nResults On the 10th day, IL-1\u03b2 secretion diminished (63 mg\/ml versus 440 mg\/ml in control). There was a decrease in the total number of microorganisms and Enterobacteriaceae (5.7 x 106 CFU\/ml versus 1.2 x 109 CFU\/ml in control), and the absence of Streptococci (versus 2.1 x 109 CFU\/ml in control) on the 30th day of the treatment in the group with the bacteriophages. On the 10th day, a decrease in the activity of secretory IL-1\u03b2 and IL-8 strongly and very strongly correlated with a total number of microorganisms (r = 0.7; r = 0.9 respectively), as well as secretory IL-8 with Enterobacteriaceae (r = 0.72) and Staphylococci (r = 0.65) in the active group treated with the bacteriophages. On the 30th day, the decrease in serum IL-1\u03b2 significantly correlated with the total number of microorganisms (r = 0.80) and enterobacteria (r = 0.90) in the active group. \nConclusions The administration of bacteriophages restored the balance of microorganisms in the nasal cavity and decreased the inflammatory response in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. These changes, such as an inflammation dampening, could theoretically reduce the recurrent growth of polyp tissue in the future.\n\n\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0015.0084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T10:15:17Z","timestamp":1627985717000},"page":"33-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A randomized, double-blind, placebo-\n-controlled study to investigate the use\nof bacteriophages in patients with chronic\nrhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Konstantin Grigorievich","family":"Dobretsov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sokolov\u2019 Hospital N 122 \u043ef the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oxana","family":"Kolenchukova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Sipkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research Center \u201cKrasnoyarskii Scientific Center\u201d of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa Maria","family":"Bellussi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFOS, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Ciprandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Outpatients Clinics Dept., Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desiderio","family":"Passali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFOS, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3689","reference":[{"key":"216860r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Boeck I., Wittouck S., Martens K.: Anterior Nares Diversity and Pathobionts Represent Sinus Microbiome in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. mSphere, 2019; 4(6): e00532\u201319.","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00532-19"},{"key":"216860r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hastan D., Fokkens W.J., Bachert C. et al.: Chronic rhinosinusitis in Europe \u2013 an underestimated disease. 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