{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T21:09:44Z","timestamp":1757452184302},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Non-specific LBP refers to back pain which arises from the spine, intervertebral discs and surrounding soft tissues in the absence of pathologic lesions. Most cases of non-specific LBP are not the result of a single injury from a high load, but the result of repetitive, cumulative micro-injuries. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of strengthening, stretching and mixed exercises in patients with non-specific LBP and their impact on pain intensity.Material and methods. We analysed 90 patients with non-specific LBP who performed prolonged sedentary work. Patients were qualified following history-taking, a physical examination and radiological evaluation if no pathology had been revealed on examination or on the available diagnostic imaging scans. The participants were randomly divided into 3 groups of 30 individuals each. The patients in each group performed one type of exercise (strengthening, stretching, mixed) for a period of 3 months. Both before starting and on completion of the exercise period, the patients were assessed with an original questionnaire as well as the Rolland-Morris, Oswestry and SF-12 scoring systems.Results. Strengthening exercises were the most effective in reducing pain; on completion of the exercise period, pain assessed with the NRS scale was 2 points in the strengthening exercise group, 3 points, in the mixed group, and 4 points in the stretching group. The SF-12 questionnaire showed an improvement in the patients\u2019 health (increase in \u201cexcellent\u201d and \u201cvery good\u201d scores from 7% to 60%). According to the Oswestry disability questionnaire, strengthening exercises were the most effective (mean disability score of 4). Conclusions. 1. The use of strengthening exercises in patients with non-specific LBP most effectively improves function and reduces back pain. 2. The use of stretching and mixed exercises in patients with non-specific LBP improves function and reduces back pain, but to a lesser extent than strengthening exercises.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0054.7266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T21:09:51Z","timestamp":1725224991000},"page":"57-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Strengthening or Stretching Exercises in Patients Performing Prolonged Sedentary Work with Non-Specific Lower Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Ewa","family":"Szczepaniak-Kucharska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinika Ortopedii i Ortopedii Dzieci\u0119cej UM \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, CSK UM \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Polska \/ Department of Orthopedics and Pediatric Orthopedics, Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University in Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3689","container-title":["Ortopedia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T21:09:55Z","timestamp":1725224995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ortopedia.com.pl\/gicid\/01.3001.0054.7266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5604\/01.3001.0054.7266","relation":{},"ISSN":["1509-3492","2084-4336"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1509-3492","type":"print"},{"value":"2084-4336","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]}}}