{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T02:55:23Z","timestamp":1768532123993,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pol Przegl Chir"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]]},"abstract":"<b>Introduction:<\/b> In various pathological conditions, including cancer, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-\u03b2) emerges as a pivotal cytokine.<b>Aim:<\/b> This study sought to evaluate TGF-\u03b2 concentrations in blood serum samples and explore potential associations between pre- and post-surgery TGF-\u03b2 levels in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and forms of nodular goiter.<b>Material and methods:<\/b> A total of 70 patients were included, aged 26 to 79, undergoing thyroidectomy for: differentiated thyroid cancer (11), neutral nodular goiter (46), and hyperactive nodular goiter (13). Serum TGF-\u03b21 values were assessed using the Bio-Plex Pro\u2122 Human Cytokine Assay from Bio-Rad Laboratories, and data were analyzed with Bio-Plex Manager\u2122 software.<b>Conclusions:<\/b> This investigation aimed to provide insights into the dynamics of TGF-\u03b2 concentrations in the context of thyroid pathologies, utilizing a comparative approach before and after surgical intervention.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0054.8492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T12:12:42Z","timestamp":1741090362000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-\u03b2) Dynamics in Thyroid Pathologies: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre- and Post-Surgery Levels in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Nodular Goiter"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2044-2044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Bednarczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1407-0918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Kowalski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7132-127X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Gawrychowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9180-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Gawrychowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair and Clinical Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3689","reference":[{"key":"625474r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Massagu\u00e9 J.: TGF\u03b2 signalling in context. 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