{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T04:13:47Z","timestamp":1744949627586,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol Pol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"abstract":"<ns3:p>&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/b&gt; Despite expanding indications for endoscopic optic nerve decompression (EOND), uniform guidelines are lacking, resulting in variability in nerve exposure and hindering comparisons of treatment effectiveness. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aim:&lt;\/b&gt; This study aims to propose a standardized approach for planning and performing EOND based on radiological and anatomical studies. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;\/b&gt; EOND was performed on fifteen freshly frozen cadaver heads using non-standard oblique reconstruction planes from computed tomography (CT) studies to trace the optic canal's circumference. The final decompression point was positioned a few millimeters posterior to the cranial end of the canal, where the nerve is surrounded by bone on 180 degrees of its circumference. After the transnasal procedure, transcranial access was used to verify the adequacy of the decompression. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;\/b&gt; The mean distances from the decompression endpoint to the orbital apex, cranial optic canal (OC) end, and lateral optico-carotid recess were 8.2 mm 1.0, 3.0 mm 1.1, and 0.4 mm 0.8, respectively. In all 30 procedures, adequate coverage of the decompression was confirmed via the transcranial approach. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/b&gt; Using non-standard oblique CT reconstruction planes allows for precise, individualized planning for EOND, reducing the risk of overly short or excessive decompression. Therefore, this method may be used to standardize the extent of optic nerve decompression performed using the endoscopic technique.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0055.0003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:36:37Z","timestamp":1741350997000},"page":"39-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Standardized Endoscopic Optic Nerve Decompression: A Comprehensive Radiological and Anatomical Study"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Sieskiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Sie\u015bkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogdan","family":"Ciszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, Center for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Rogowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Lyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3689","reference":[{"key":"627725r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luxenberger W., Stammberger H., Jebeles J.A. et al.: Endoscopic optic nervedecompression: the Graz experience. Laryngoscope., 1998; 108(6): 873\u2013882.doi: 10.1097\/00005537-199806000-00016.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199806000-00016"},{"key":"627725r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mesquita Filho P.M., Prevedello D.M., Prevedello L.M. et al.: Optic Canal Decompression: Comparison of 2 Surgical Techniques. World Neurosurg. 2017;104: 745\u2013751. doi: 10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.04.171.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.04.171"},{"key":"627725r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locatelli M., Caroli M., Pluderi M. et al.: Endoscopic transsphenoidal opticnerve decompression: an anatomical study. Surg Radiol Anat., 2011; 33(3):257\u2013262. doi: 10.1007\/s00276-010-0734-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0734-1"},{"key":"627725r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pletcher S.D., Sindwani R., Metson R.: Endoscopic orbital and optic nervedecompression. Otolaryngol Clin North Am., 2006; 39(5): 943\u2013958, vi. doi:10.1016\/j.otc.2006.06.003.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2006.06.003"},{"key":"627725r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sie\u015bkiewicz A., \u0141yso\u0144 T., Rogowski M., Mariak Z.: Przeznosowy dostep endoskopowy celem odbarczenia nerwu wzrokowego. Otolaryngol Pol., 2008;62(3): 295\u2013299. doi: 10.1016\/S0030-6657(08)70258-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6657(08)70258-0"},{"key":"627725r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun J., Cai X., Zou W. et al.: Outcome of Endoscopic Optic Nerve Decompression for Traumatic Optic Neuropathy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol., 2021;130(1): 56\u201359. doi: 10.1177\/0003489420939594.","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489420939594"},{"key":"627725r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou G., Yu B., Tu Y. et al.: Endoscopic Transethmosphenoid Optic Canal and Orbital Apex Decompression for Patients With Traumatic Orbital Apex Syndrome. J Craniofac Surg., 2020; 31(1): 214\u2013218. doi: 10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005904.","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005904"},{"key":"627725r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aujla J.S., Curragh D.S., Patel S. et al.: Orbital apex anatomy: relationship between the optic foramen and anterior face of sphenoid sinus \u2013 a radiologicalstudy. Eye (Lond)., 2020. doi: 10.1038\/s41433-020-01289-w.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-01289-w"},{"key":"627725r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hart C.K., Theodosopoulos P.V., Zimmer L.A.: Anatomy of the optic canal:a computed tomography study of endoscopic nerve decompression. Ann OtolRhinol Laryngol., 2009; 118(12): 839\u2013844. doi: 10.1177\/000348940911801203.","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940911801203"},{"key":"627725r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slavin K.V., Dujovny M., Soeira G. et al.: Optic canal: microanatomic study.Skull Base Surg., 1994; 4(3): 136\u2013144. doi: 10.1055\/s-2008-1058965.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1058965"},{"key":"627725r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venema H.W., Phoa S.S., Mirck P.G. et al.: Petrosal bone: coronal reconstructions from axial spiral CT data obtained with 0.5-mm collimation can replace direct coronal sequential CT scans. Radiology., 1999; 213(2): 375\u2013382. doi:10.1148\/radiology.213.2.r99nv11375.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.213.2.r99nv11375"},{"key":"627725r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazziotti S., Arceri F., Vinci S. et al.: Role of coronal oblique reconstructionas a complement to CT study of the temporal bone: normal anatomy. RadiolMed., 2006; 111(4): 607\u2013617. doi: 10.1007\/s11547-006-0055-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-006-0055-y"},{"key":"627725r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juliano A.F., Ting E.Y., Mingkwansook V. et al.: Vestibular Aqueduct Measurements in the 45 Oblique (P\u00f6schl) Plane. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol., 2016; 37(7):1331\u20131337. doi: 10.3174\/ajnr.A4735.","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4735"},{"key":"627725r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhanasingh A.E., Weiss N.M., Erhard V. et al.: A novel three-step process forthe identification of inner ear malformation types. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol., 2022; 7(6): 2020\u20132028. doi: 10.1002\/lio2.936.","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.936"},{"key":"627725r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rybaczek M., \u0141yso\u0144 T., Sie\u015bkiewicz M. et al.: Lateral optico-carotid recess as ananatomical landmark for optimal endoscopic optic nerve decompression. Quant Imaging Med Surg., 2024; 14(12): 8966\u20138973. doi: 10.21037\/qims-24-1125.","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-24-1125"},{"key":"627725r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altafulla J.J., Iwanaga J., Kikuta S. et al.: The falciform ligament: Anatomicalstudy with microsurgical implications. Clin Neurol Neurosurg., 2020; 195: 106049 doi: 10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106049.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106049"},{"key":"627725r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batra P.S., Citardi M.J., Gallivan R.P. et al.: Software-enabled computed tomography analysis of the carotid artery and sphenoid sinus pneumatization patterns. Am J Rhinol., 2004; 18(4): 203\u2013208.","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240401800404"},{"key":"627725r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00fcldner C., Pistorius S.M., Diogo I. et al.: Analysis of pneumatization andneurovascular structures of the sphenoid sinus using cone-beam tomography (CBT). Acta Radiol., 2012; 53(2): 214\u2013219. doi: 10.1258\/ar.2011.110381.","DOI":"10.1258\/ar.2011.110381"},{"key":"627725r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Batra P.S., Citardi M.J., Gallivan R.P. et al.: Software-enabled CT analysis ofoptic nerve position and paranasal sinus pneumatization patterns. OtolaryngolHead Neck Surg., 2004; 131(6): 940\u2013945. doi: 10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.07.013.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.07.013"},{"key":"627725r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonente D., Barone V., Muzii V.F. et al.: Clinical anatomy of the spina musculi recti lateralis: A frequently overlooked variation of the greater wing of thesphenoid. Ann Anat., 2024; 251: 152168. doi: 10.1016\/j.aanat.2023.152168.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2023.152168"},{"key":"627725r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Emanuelli E., Bignami M., Digilio E. et al.: Post-traumatic optic neuropathy:our surgical and medical protocol. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol., 2015; 272(11):3301\u20133309. doi: 10.1007\/s00405-014-3408-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3408-5"},{"key":"627725r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abhinav K., Acosta Y., Wang W.H. et al.: Endoscopic Endonasal Approachto the Optic Canal: Anatomic Considerations and Surgical Relevance. Neurosurgery., 2015; 11 Suppl 3: 431\u2013445; discussion 445\u2013446. doi: 10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000900.","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000900"},{"key":"627725r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalthur S., Radhakrishnan P., Sandeep K. et al.: A Morphometric Evaluationof the Optic Canal: Comparative Study between Computerized TomographicStudy and Direct Anatomic Study. Saudi Journal of Medicine and MedicalSciences., 2015; 3(3): 204\u2013208. doi: 10.4103\/1658-631X.161997.","DOI":"10.4103\/1658-631X.161997"},{"key":"627725r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orhan Ma\u011fden A., Kaynak S.: Bilateral duplication of the optic canals. AnnAnat., 1996; 178(1): 61\u201364. doi: 10.1016\/s0940-9602(96)80013-6.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0940-9602(96)80013-6"},{"key":"627725r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta A.K., Ganth M.G., Gupta A.: Modified endoscopic optic nerve decompression in idiopathic intracranial hypertension. J Laryngol Otol., 2003; 117(6):501\u2013502. doi: 10.1258\/002221503321892406.","DOI":"10.1258\/002221503321892406"},{"key":"627725r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evans J.J., Hwang Y.S., Lee J.H.: Pre- versus post-anterior clinoidectomy measurements of the optic nerve, internal carotid artery, and opticocarotid triangle: a cadaveric morphometric study. Neurosurgery., 2000; 46(4): 1018\u20131021;discussion 1021\u20131023.","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-200004000-00054"},{"key":"627725r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dagtekin A., Avci E., Uzmansel D. et al.: Microsurgical anatomy and variationsof the anterior clinoid process. Turk Neurosurg., 2014; 24(4): 484\u2013493. doi:10.5137\/1019-5149.JTN.8738-13.1.","DOI":"10.5137\/1019-5149.JTN.8738-13.1"},{"key":"627725r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peris-Celda M., Kucukyuruk B., Monroy-Sosa A. et al.: The recesses of the sellar wall of the sphenoid sinus and their intracranial relationships. Neurosurgery., 2013; 73(2 Suppl Operative): ons117-31; discussion ons131. doi: 10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000184.","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000184"},{"key":"627725r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mikami T., Minamida Y., Koyanagi I. et al.: Anatomical variations in pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process. J Neurosurg., 2007; 106(1): 170\u2013174.doi: 10.3171\/jns.2007.106.1.170.","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2007.106.1.170"},{"key":"627725r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cabrilo I., Dorward N.L.: Endoscopic endonasal intracanalicular optic nervedecompression: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien)., 2020; 162(9): 2129\u20132134.doi: 10.1007\/s00701-020-04476-6.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04476-6"},{"key":"627725r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nunes C.F., Prevedello D.M., Carrau R.L. et al.: Morphometric analysis of themedial opticocarotid recess and its anatomical relations relevant to the transsphenoidal endoscopic endonasal approaches. Acta Neurochir (Wien)., 2016;158(2): 319\u2013324. doi: 10.1007\/s00701-015-2662-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-015-2662-7"},{"key":"627725r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamid O., El Fiky L., Hassan O. et al.: Anatomic Variations of the Sphenoid Sinus and Their Impact on Trans-sphenoid Pituitary Surgery. Skull Base., 2008;18(1): 9\u201315. doi: 10.1055\/s-2007-992764.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-992764"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngologia Polska"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/otolaryngologypl.com\/gicid\/pdf\/01.3001.0055.0003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/otolaryngologypl.com\/gicid\/pdf\/01.3001.0055.0003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T11:38:55Z","timestamp":1744889935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/otolaryngologypl.com\/gicid\/01.3001.0055.0003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5604\/01.3001.0055.0003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-6657","2300-8423"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0030-6657"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2300-8423"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]}}}