{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T14:54:11Z","timestamp":1754146451114,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pol Przegl Chir"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"abstract":"<ns3:p>&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/b&gt; Oesophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of malignant death worldwide, and its incidence has increased sixfold in recent decades. Although it ranks sixth in mortality and eighth in incidence worldwide, it is one of the least understood and described cancers, which is probably related to its highly aggressive course and poor treatment outcomes.&lt;b&gt;Aim:&lt;\/b&gt; The aim of this study was to review the current literature regarding the treatment of esophageal cancer.&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;\/b&gt; Surgical treatment is the most important stage of therapy, and advances in this field and the development of new surgical techniques have significantly improved the five-year survival and reduced the incidence of postoperative complications. However, surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer is considered one of the most extensive and invasive procedures in cancer surgery, resulting in a steep learning curve for oesophageal resection procedures, especially minimally invasive (MIE) techniques. Nevertheless, in the early stages of disease, oesophageal resection is the only currently accepted and used procedure that can potentially lead to a cure. The results of several studies comparing conventional and MI approaches have demonstrated the superiority of MIE, which is associated with fewer perioperative complications and in-hospital deaths, shorter operation times, shorter intensive care unit stays, and higher quality of life rates. The learning curve for hybrid surgery, which bridges the gap between classic and MI procedures, is much shorter than for fully MI procedures, which is particularly appealing for surgeons who lack extensive experience in laparoscopy and thoracoscopy.&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/b&gt; In conclusion, given the clear advantages of MIE techniques over classic techniques, we believe that despite a longer learning curve and more difficult surgical procedures, MIE techniques should be the target techniques for treating oesophageal cancer.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0055.1346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T04:03:39Z","timestamp":1749182619000},"page":"44-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical techniques and the latest trends in surgical treatment of oesophageal cancer \u2013 a brief review"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6812-0891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"Strzelec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Center of General and Oncologic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, 2nd Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Medical University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6995-123X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr Pawe\u0142","family":"Chmielewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8511-1337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Kurnol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Center of General and Oncologic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, 2nd Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Medical University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Dzier\u017cek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Center of General and Oncologic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, 2nd Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Medical University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6116-6504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Kielan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Center of General and Oncologic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, 2nd Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Medical University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"3689","reference":[{"key":"629591r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang F., Yu S.: Esophageal cancer: Risk factors, genetic association, and treatment.Asian J Surg., 2018; 41(3): 210\u2013215. doi: 10.1016\/j.asjsur.2016.10.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2016.10.005"},{"key":"629591r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang Y.: Epidemiology of esophageal cancer. 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