{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:55:22Z","timestamp":1789736122590,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol Pol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"abstract":"<ns3:p>&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/b&gt; Voice prostheses (VPs) are devices that are widely used in voice rehabilitation of patients after laryngectomy. The main cause of VPs failure is their destruction by the growth of biofilm, mainly fungal. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aim:&lt;\/b&gt; The aim of this study was to design and build a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) simulator to observe and analyse the process of biofilm formation on voice prostheses and its effect on the structure of the material from which they are made, in conditions as close to real as possible. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;\/b&gt; Biofilm cultures were performed on voice prostheses under controlled in vitro conditions using a TEF simulator. Then, the crystal violet staining and confocal microscopic examination were performed. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;\/b&gt; The analysis of voice prostheses cultured in the TEF simulator conditions confirmed the presence of biofilm on their surface. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/b&gt; The TEF simulator can be a valuable tool for future studies of silicone modifications that can limit the growth of biofilm on the VPs.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0055.5236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T07:16:06Z","timestamp":1770707766000},"page":"10-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessment of biofilm growth on voice prostheses using a tracheoesophageal fistula simulator"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3906-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Ok\u0142a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8943-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Spa\u0142ek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6772-9275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szczepan","family":"Kaliniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1940-5799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonita","family":"Durna\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6366-2755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Piotrowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7830-3800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Chmielewska-Deptu\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3626-8151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Paprocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9892-9181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"Madej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6902-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stanislaw","family":"Go\u017ad\u017a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland, Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3689","reference":[{"key":"634904r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Souza F.G.R., Santos I.C., Bergmann A. et al.: Quality of life after total laryngectomy:impact of different vocal rehabilitation methods in a middle incomecountry. Health Qual Life Outcomes., 2020; 18(1): 92. doi: 10.1186\/s12955-020-1281-z.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-020-1281-z"},{"key":"634904r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H. et al.: Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCANestimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185countries. CA Cancer J Clin., 2024; 74(3): 229\u2013263. doi: 10.3322\/caac.21834.","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"634904r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parrilla C., Longobardi Y., Galli J. et al.: Periprosthetic Leakage in TracheoesophagealProsthesis: Proposal of a Standardized Therapeutic Algorithm. OtolaryngolHead Neck Surg., 2021; 165(3): 446\u2013454. doi: 10.1177\/0194599820983343.","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820983343"},{"key":"634904r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Apert V., Carsuzaa F., Tonnerre D. et al.: Speech restoration with tracheoesophagealprosthesis after total laryngectomy: An observational study of vocalresults, complications and quality of life. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head NeckDis., 2022; 139(2): 73\u201376. doi: 10.1016\/j.anorl.2021.05.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2021.05.008"},{"key":"634904r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parrilla C., Longobardi Y., Paludetti G. et al.: A one-year time frame for voice prosthesismanagement. What should the physician expect? Is it an overrated job? ActaOtorhinolaryngol Ital., 2020; 40(4): 270\u2013276. doi: 10.14639\/0392-100X-N0587.","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N0587"},{"key":"634904r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petersen J.F., Lansaat L., Timmermans A.J. et al.: Postlaryngectomy prostheticvoice rehabilitation outcomes in a consecutive cohort of 232 patients overa 13-year period. Head Neck., 2019; 41(3): 623\u2013631. doi: 10.1002\/hed.25364.","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25364"},{"key":"634904r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 C., Tun\u00e7el \u00dc., C\u00f6mert E.: Total larenjektomi sonras\u0131 ses restorasyonui\u00e7in provox 2 kullan\u0131m\u0131 [Provox 2 use for voice restoration after total laryngectomy].Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg., 2014; 24(6): 339\u2013343. Turkish. doi:10.5606\/kbbihtisas.2014.63497.","DOI":"10.5606\/kbbihtisas.2014.63497"},{"key":"634904r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yenigun A., Eren S.B., Ozkul M.H., Tugrul S., Meric A.: Factors influencing thelongevity and replacement frequency of Provox voice prostheses. SingaporeMed J., 2015; 56(11): 632\u2013636. doi: 10.11622\/smedj.2015173.","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2015173"},{"key":"634904r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spa\u0142ek J., Deptu\u0142a P., Cie\u015bluk M. et al.: Biofilm Growth Causes Damage to SiliconeVoice Prostheses in Patients after Surgical Treatment of Locally AdvancedLaryngeal Cancer. Pathogens., 2020; 9(10): 793. doi: 10.3390\/pathogens9100793.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9100793"},{"key":"634904r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leonhard M., Zatorska B., Moser D., Schneider-Stickler B.: Growth Media forMixed Multispecies Oropharyngeal Biofilm Compositions on Silicone. BiomedRes Int., 2019; 2019: 8051270. doi: 10.1155\/2019\/8051270.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8051270"},{"key":"634904r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewin J.S., Baumgart L.M., Barrow M.P., Hutcheson K.A.: Device Life of theTracheoesophageal Voice Prosthesis Revisited. JAMA Otolaryngol Head NeckSurg., 2017; 143(1): 65\u201371. doi: 10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.2771.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.2771"},{"key":"634904r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thylur D.S., Villegas B.C., Fisher L.M., Sinha U.K., Kokot N.: Device Life ofTwo Generations of Provox Voice Prostheses. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.,2016; 125(6): 501\u2013507. doi: 10.1177\/0003489415624701.","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489415624701"},{"key":"634904r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kress P., Schafer P., Schwerdtfeger F.P., Rosler S.: Are modern voice prosthesesbetter? A lifetime comparison of 749 voice prostheses. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.,2014; 271(1): 133\u2013140. doi: 10.1007\/s00405-013-2611-0.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2611-0"},{"key":"634904r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Op de Coul B.M., Hilgers F.J., Balm A.J. et al.: A decade of postlaryngectomyvocal rehabilitation in 318 patients: a single Institution's experience withconsistent application of provox indwelling voice prostheses. Arch OtolaryngolHead Neck Surg., 2000; 126(11): 1320\u20131328. doi: 10.1001\/archotol.126.11.1320.","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.126.11.1320"},{"key":"634904r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mayo-Y\u00e1\u00f1ez M., Cabo-Varela I., Dovalo-Carballo L. et al.: Provox 2 and ProvoxVega device life-time: a case-crossover study with multivariate analysisof possible influential factors and duration. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol., 2018;275(7): 1827\u20131830. doi: 10.1007\/s00405-018-5008-2.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-5008-2"},{"key":"634904r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ackerstaff A.H., Hilgers F.J., Meeuwis C.A. et al.: Multi-institutional assessmentof the Provox 2 voice prosthesis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.,1999; 125(2): 167\u2013173. doi: 10.1001\/archotol.125.2.167.","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.2.167"},{"key":"634904r17","unstructured":"Serra A., Spinato G., Spinato R. et al.: Multicenter prospective crossover studyon new prosthetic opportunities in post-laryngectomy voice rehabilitation.J Biol Regul Homeost Agents., 2017; 31(3): 803\u2013809."},{"key":"634904r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hancock K.L., Lawson N.R., Ward E.C.: Device life of the Provox Vega voiceprosthesis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol., 2013; 270(4): 1447\u20131453. doi: 10.1007\/s00405-012-2154-9.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2154-9"},{"key":"634904r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins de Sousa M., Matos R., Vilarinho H., Santos M., Silveira H.: Voicerehabilitation with voice prosthesis: Long term results, complications andrisk factors. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed)., 2022; 73(4): 219\u2013224. doi:10.1016\/j.otoeng.2021.05.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otorri.2021.05.001"},{"key":"634904r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bozec A., Poissonnet G., Chamorey E. et al.: Results of vocal rehabilitationusing tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis after total laryngectomy and theirpredictive factors. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol., 2010; 267(5): 751\u2013758. doi:10.1007\/s00405-009-1138-x.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-009-1138-x"},{"key":"634904r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lam P.K., Ho W.K., Ho A.C. et al.: Long-term performance of indwelling tracheoesophagealspeaking valves in Chinese patients undergoing laryngectomy.Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg., 2005; 131(11): 954\u2013958. doi: 10.1001\/archotol.131.11.954.","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.131.11.954"},{"key":"634904r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bilewicz R., Burduk P.K., Kopczyhiski A., Wierzchowska M.: Chirurgiczna rehabilitacjag\u0142osu chorych po laryngektomii ca\u0142kowitej z zastosowaniem systemu provox[The surgery voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy with the Provox system].Otolaryngol Pol., 2007; 61(3): 265\u2013270. doi: 10.1016\/s0030-6657(07)70424-9.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6657(07)70424-9"},{"key":"634904r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00e4kitie A.A., Niemensivu R., Juvas A. et al.: Postlaryngectomy voice restorationusing a voice prosthesis: a single institution's ten-year experience. Ann OtolRhinol Laryngol., 2003; 112(12): 1007\u20131010. doi: 10.1177\/000348940311201202.","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940311201202"},{"key":"634904r24","unstructured":"Bie\u0144 S., Ok\u0142a S.: Analiza powik\u0142a\u0144 zwiazanych z chirurgiczna rehabilitacjag\u0142osu i mowy u pacjent\u00f3w po laryngektomii. Problemy zwiazane z wszczepieniemi wymiana protez g\u0142osowych. Otolaryngol Pol., 2006; 60(2): 129\u2013134."},{"key":"634904r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Weissenbruch R., Albers F.W.: Vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomyusing the Provox voice prosthesis. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci., 1993; 18(5):359\u2013364. doi: 10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1993.tb00593.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1993.tb00593.x"},{"key":"634904r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boscolo-Rizzo P., Marchiori C., Gava A., Da Mosto M.C.: The impact of radiotherapyand GERD on in situ lifetime of indwelling voice prostheses. Eur ArchOtorhinolaryngol., 2008; 265(7): 791\u2013796. doi: 10.1007\/s00405-007-0536-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-007-0536-1"},{"key":"634904r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Carpentier J.P., Ryder W.D., Saeed S.R., Woolford T.J.: Survival times of Provoxvalves. J Laryngol Otol., 1996; 110(1): 37\u201342. doi: 10.1017\/s0022215100132670.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100132670"},{"key":"634904r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dragicevic D., Jovic R., Kljajic V. et al.: Complications Following Secondary VoiceProsthesis Insertion and Impact of Previous Irradiation on Their Appearance.Niger J Clin Pract., 2021; 24(4): 470\u2013475. doi: 10.4103\/njcp.njcp_549_19.","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_549_19"},{"key":"634904r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorenz K.J., Kraft K., Graf F., Pr\u00f6pper C., Steinestel K.: Role of reflux-inducedepithelial-mesenchymal transition in periprosthetic leakage after prostheticvoice rehabilitation. Head Neck., 2015; 37(4): 530\u2013536. doi: 10.1002\/hed.23622.","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23622"},{"key":"634904r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorenz K.J., Grieser L., Ehrhart T., Maier H.: Role of reflux in tracheoesophagealfistula problems after laryngectomy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol., 2010;119(11): 719\u2013728.","DOI":"10.1177\/000348941011901114"},{"key":"634904r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Margolin G., Masucci G., Kuylenstierna R. et al.: Leakage around voice prosthesisin laryngectomees: treatment with local GM-CSF. Head Neck., 2001;23(11): 1006\u20131010. doi: 10.1002\/hed.1145.","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.1145"},{"key":"634904r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chaturvedi P., Syed S., Pawar P.V. et al.: Microbial colonization of Provox voiceprosthesis in the Indian scenario. Indian J Cancer., 2014; 51(2): 184\u2013188.doi: 10.4103\/0019-509X.138303.","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-509X.138303"},{"key":"634904r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Weissenbruch R., Albers F.W., Bouckaert S. et al.: Deterioration ofthe Provox silicone tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis: microbial aspectsand structural changes. Acta Otolaryngol., 1997; 117(3): 452\u2013458. doi:10.3109\/00016489709113420.","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489709113420"},{"key":"634904r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Natarajan B., Richardson M.D., Irvine B.W., Thomas M.: The Provox voice prosthesisand Candida albicans growth: a preliminary report of clinical, mycologicaland scanning electron microscopic assessment. J Laryngol Otol., 1994;108(8): 666\u2013668. doi: 10.1017\/s002221510012777x.","DOI":"10.1017\/S002221510012777X"},{"key":"634904r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buijssen K.J., Harmsen H.J., van der Mei H.C., Busscher H.J., van der Laan B.F.:Lactobacilli: important in biofilm formation on voice prostheses. OtolaryngolHead Neck Surg., 2007; 137(3): 505\u2013507. doi: 10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.05.051.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.05.051"},{"key":"634904r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fusconi M., Taddei A.R., Gallo A. et al.: Degradation of silicone rubber causesProvox 2 voice prosthesis malfunctioning. J Voice., 2014; 28(2): 250\u2013254. doi:10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.08.012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.08.012"},{"key":"634904r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bertl K., Zatorska B., Leonhard M., Matejka M., Schneider\u2010Stickler B.: Anaerobicand microaerophilic pathogens in the biofilm formation on voice prostheses:A pilot study. The Laryngoscope., 2012; 122(5): 1035\u20131039. doi: 10.1002\/lary.23193.","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23193"},{"key":"634904r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smolarz M., Zawrotniak M., Satala D., Rapala-Kozik M.: Extracellular NucleicAcids Present in the Candida albicans Biofilm Trigger the Release of NeutrophilExtracellular Traps. Front Cell Infect Microbiol., 2021; 11: 681030. doi:10.3389\/fcimb.2021.681030.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.681030"},{"key":"634904r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negut I., Albu C., Bita B.: Advances in Antimicrobial Coatings for PreventingInfections of Head-Related Implantable Medical Devices. Coatings., 2024;14(3): 256. doi: 10.3390\/coatings14030256.","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings14030256"},{"key":"634904r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spa\u0142ek J., Ociepa P., Deptu\u0142a P. et al.: Biocompatible Materials in Otorhinolaryngologyand Their Antibacterial Properties. Int J Mol Sci., 2022; 23(5): 2575.doi: 10.3390\/ijms23052575.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052575"},{"key":"634904r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spa\u0142ek J., Daniluk T., Godlewski A. et al.: Assessment of Ceragenins in Preventionof Damage to Voice Prostheses Caused by Candida Biofilm Formation.Pathogens., 2021; 10(11): 1371. doi: 10.3390\/pathogens10111371.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111371"},{"key":"634904r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bijak P., Piktel E., Niklinska W. et al.: Biological properties of ceragenin--coated metal nanoparticles \u2013 future challenges and perspectives in clinicalpractice. Nanomedicine (Lond)., 2025; 20(20): 2523\u20132543. doi:10.1080\/17435889.2025.2554559.","DOI":"10.1080\/17435889.2025.2554559"},{"key":"634904r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ceresa C., Tessarolo F., Caola I. et al.: Inhibition of Candida albicans adhesionon medical-grade silicone by a Lactobacillus-derived biosurfactant. J Appl Microbiol.,2015; 118(5): 1116\u20131125. doi: 10.1111\/jam.12760.","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12760"},{"key":"634904r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priyadarshini E., Kumar R., Balakrishnan K. et al.: Biofilm Inhibition on MedicalDevices and Implants Using Carbon Dots: An Updated Review. ACS ApplBio Mater., 2024; 7(5): 2604\u20132619. doi: 10.1021\/acsabm.4c00024.","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.4c00024"},{"key":"634904r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim D.J., Park J.H., Chang M.: Species-specific characteristics of the biofilmgenerated in silicone tube: an in vitro study. BMC Ophthalmol., 2018; 18(1): 85 doi: 10.1186\/s12886-018-0750-1.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0750-1"},{"key":"634904r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slettengren M., Mohanty S., Kamolvit W., van der Linden J., Brauner A.: Makingmedical devices safer: impact of plastic and silicone oil on microbial biofilm formation.J Hosp Infect., 2020; 106(1): 155\u2013162. doi: 10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.07.011.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.07.011"},{"key":"634904r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tseng Y.K., Chen Y.C., Hou C.J. et al.: Evaluation of Biofilm Formation in Candidatropicalis Using a Silicone-Based Platform with Synthetic Urine Medium.Microorganisms., 2020; 8(5): 660. doi: 10.3390\/microorganisms8050660.\\","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8050660"},{"key":"634904r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leonhard M., Zatorska B., Moser D., Tan Y., Schneider-Stickler B.: Evaluationof combined growth media for in vitro cultivation of oropharyngeal biofilmson prosthetic silicone. J Mater Sci Mater Med., 2018; 29(4): 45. doi: 10.1007\/s10856-018-6051-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-018-6051-7"},{"key":"634904r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paramonova E., Kalmykowa O.J., van der Mei H.C., Busscher H.J., Sharma P.K.:Impact of Hydrodynamics on Oral Biofilm Strength. J Dent Res., 2009; 88(10):922\u2013926. doi: 10.1177\/0022034509344569.","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509344569"},{"key":"634904r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seneviratne C.J., Jin L., Samaranayake L.P.: Biofilm lifestyle of Candida: a minireview. Oral Dis., 2008; 14(7): 582\u2013590. doi: 10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2007.01424.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2007.01424.x"},{"key":"634904r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Fattani M.A., Douglas L.J.: Biofilm matrix of Candida albicans and Candidatropicalis: chemical composition and role in drug resistance. J Med Microbiol.,2006; 55(Pt 8): 999\u20131008. doi: 10.1099\/jmm.0.46569-0.","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46569-0"},{"key":"634904r52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandra J., Mukherjee P.K.: Candida Biofilms: Development, Architecture,and Resistance. Microbiol Spectr., 2015; 3(4): 10.1128\/microbiolspec.MB-0020-2015. doi: 10.1128\/microbiolspec.MB-0020-2015.","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.MB-0020-2015"},{"key":"634904r53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ell S.R.: Candida'the cancer of silastic'. J Laryngol Otol., 1996; 110(3): 240\u2013242.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100133304"},{"key":"634904r54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Weissenbruch R., Bouckaert S., Remon J.P. et al.: Chemoprophylaxis offungal deterioration of the Provox silicone tracheoesophageal prosthesis inpostlaryngectomy patients. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol., 1997; 106(4): 329\u2013337.doi: 10.1177\/000348949710600413.","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949710600413"},{"key":"634904r55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babior B.M., Lambeth J.D., Nauseef W.: The neutrophil NADPH oxidase.Arch Biochem Biophys., 2002; 397(2): 342\u2013344. doi: 10.1006\/abbi.2001.2642.","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2001.2642"},{"key":"634904r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beranova M., Wasserbauer R., Vancurova D. et al.: Effect of cytochrome P-450inhibition and stimulation on intensity of polyethylene degradation in microsomalfraction of mouse and rat livers. Biomaterials., 1990; 11(7): 521\u2013524.doi: 10.1016\/0142-9612(90)90070-7.","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-9612(90)90070-7"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngologia Polska"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/otolaryngologypl.com\/gicid\/pdf\/01.3001.0055.5236","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/otolaryngologypl.com\/gicid\/pdf\/01.3001.0055.5236","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:14:42Z","timestamp":1773058482000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/otolaryngologypl.com\/gicid\/01.3001.0055.5236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5604\/01.3001.0055.5236","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-6657","2300-8423"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-6657","type":"print"},{"value":"2300-8423","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]}}}