{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T11:18:02Z","timestamp":1787829482458,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Index Copernicus","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol Pol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"abstract":"<ns3:p>&lt;b&gt;Introduction:&lt;\/b&gt; Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ASD) is a focal laryngeal dystonia characterized by involuntary vocal fold spasms, resulting in a strained and effortful voice. Botulinum toxin injection is the standard treatment, typically performed using electromyography-guided techniques. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aim: &lt;\/b&gt;This study evaluates the efficacy of office-based transnasal videoendoscopic-guided botulinum toxin injection as an alternative to electromyography-guided percutaneous injection in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ASD). &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;\/b&gt; A cohort of patients with ASD underwent transnasal laryngeal injections of botulinum toxin using a flexible video endoscope. Local anesthesia was administered, and a flexible needle was used to inject botulinum toxin into the vocal and\/or vestibular folds. Phonation was assessed before and after the procedure. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;\/b&gt; Twenty-seven patients with ASD showed significant improvements in VHI-10 (Voice Handicap Index-10) and VRQOL (Voice Related Quality of Life) scores post-injection. Additionally, the GRBAS scale scores improved after the procedure. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;\/b&gt; Office-based transnasal videoendoscopic-guided botulinum toxin injection is a reliable and straightforward technique for treating ASD. It can be performed without electromyography, making it accessible for all laryngologists.<\/ns3:p>","DOI":"10.5604\/01.3001.0055.6384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T07:01:07Z","timestamp":1774940467000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of transnasal videoendoscopic-guided botulinum toxin injection in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia"],"prefix":"10.5604","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Olivier","family":"Ricard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique Universitaire d\u2019ORL et Chirurgie cervico-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmeline","family":"Lagrange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Fraix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Castrito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christol","family":"Fabre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique Universitaire d\u2019ORL et Chirurgie cervico-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France, D\u00e9partement de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France, Facult\u00e9\u0301  de m\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9\u0301  Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Health \u2013 St. Rita\u2019s Ear, Nose and Throat, Lima, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5013-2533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ihab","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique Universitaire d\u2019ORL et Chirurgie cervico-faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France, D\u00e9partement de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France, Facult\u00e9\u0301  de m\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9\u0301  Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex, France, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, GIPSA-lab, Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3689","reference":[{"key":"637133r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blitzer A., Brin M.F., Stewart C.F.: Botulinum toxin management of spasmodicdysphonia (laryngeal dystonia): a 12-year experience in more than 900 patients. 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