{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:21:55Z","timestamp":1783066915430,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Galenos Yayinevi","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turk J Phys Med Rehab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study aims to develop immersive virtual reality (VR) versions of the box and block test (BBT), the 360\u00b0 turn test, and five times sit-to-stand (5TSTS) test to evaluate functional status within a VR-mediated gamified environment and assess their concurrent validity.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Patients and methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirty participants (18 males, 12 females; mean age: 59.9\u00b111.9 years; range, 25 to 82 years) with a stroke diagnosis were included in the prospective study between February 2024 and August 2024. Each participant completed the BBT, 360\u00b0 turn test, and 5TSTS test three times using both VR-based and traditional methods. Concurrent validity was examined by analyzing the correlations between VR-mediated and traditional test results. The test-retest reliability of the VR-based assessments was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The usability of the developed software was also assessed using the System Usability Scale.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Strong correlations were found between VR-based and traditional assessment methods for the affected side in the BBT (r=0.562; p&lt;0.001), in the 360\u00b0 turn test (r=0.838; p&lt;0.001), and 5TSTS (r=0.733; p&lt;0.001). Interrater reliability was high and statistically significant across all tests (ICC &gt;0.80, p&lt;0.001). The usability of the developed software was rated as good (mean System Usability Scale score: 70.8\u00b115.6).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The VR-based versions of the BBT, 360\u00b0 turn test, and 5TSTS are valid, reliable, and user-friendly tools for assessing functional status in stroke patients. These assessments show promise for integration into clinical settings and remote rehabilitation programs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2026.16467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T16:40:52Z","timestamp":1773679252000},"page":"84-92","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concurrent validation of an immersive virtual reality version of the box and block test, the 360\u00b0 turn test, and the five times sit-to-stand test to assess the functional status of stroke patients"],"prefix":"10.4274","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5126-3554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet","family":"Kivanc Menekseoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5380-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selim","family":"Sezikli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6553-0999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selen","family":"Bilget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2790-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umut","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5974-8991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tugba","family":"Sahbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2811","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","unstructured":"GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. 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