{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:29:38Z","timestamp":1792114178335,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Galenos Yayinevi","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Turk Gogus Kalp Dama"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This study aims to systematically examine the cardiopulmonary functions in children with pectus excavatum and to compare the obtained findings with the Haller Index.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Between September 2017 and June 2018, medical records of a total of 31 patients (27 males, 4 females; mean age: 14.8\u00b12.0 years; range, 9 to 18 years) with pectus excavatum were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into Group 1 (&lt;2.5), Group 2 (2.5 to 3.19), and Group 3 (&gt;3.2) according to the Haller Index. All groups were systematically evaluated based on pulmonary function tests and echocardiography. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second\/ forced vital capacity ratio were calculated. Left ventricular enddiastolic diameter, ejection fraction, mitral valve prolapses, and right ventricular cavity in the apical four-chamber position were evaluated with echocardiography.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Of the patients, 19.4% were in Group 1, 38.7% in Group 2, and 41.9% in Group 3. The mean Haller Index value was 3.09\u00b10.64. According to pulmonary function test results, 16.1% of the patients had restrictive disease and 6.5% had obstructive disease. There was a negative correlation between the index and forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity, and there was a statistically significant decrease in these values, as the Haller Index increased (p&lt;0.017). There was a significant difference in the ejection fraction among the groups (p&lt;0.001) and, as the Haller Index increased, ejection fraction statistically significantly decreased.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Our study results show a negative correlation between the severity of pectus excavatum and pulmonary dysfunction and, as the severity increases, left ventricular function may be affected by the deformity. As a result, there seems to be a significant relationship between the severity of the deformity and cardiopulmonary functions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5606\/tgkdc.dergisi.2023.24088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T07:47:54Z","timestamp":1695023274000},"page":"367-373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Is there a relationship between Haller Index and cardiopulmonary function in children with pectus excavatum?"],"prefix":"10.4274","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1669-417X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozgur","family":"Katrancioglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8533-7475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet","family":"Ozgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1453-0937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feyza","family":"Inceoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6075-7879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurkay","family":"Katrancioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0744-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekber","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2811","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brochhausen C, Turial S, M\u00fcller FK, Schmitt VH, Coerdt W, Wihlm JM, et al. Pectus excavatum: History, hypotheses and treatment options. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012;14:801-6. doi: 10.1093\/icvts\/ivs045.","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivs045"},{"key":"ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fokin AA, Steuerwald NM, Ahrens WA, Allen KE. Anatomical, histologic, and genetic characteristics of congenital chest wall deformities. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009;21:44-57. doi: 10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2009.03.001.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2009.03.001"},{"key":"ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coskun ZK, Turgut HB, Demirsoy S, Cansu A. The prevalence and effects of Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum on the respiratory function in children between 7-14 years old. Indian J Pediatr 2010;77:1017-9. doi: 10.1007\/ s12098-010-0155-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-010-0155-5"},{"key":"ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koumbourlis AC, Stolar CJ. Lung growth and function in children and adolescents with idiopathic pectus excavatum. Pediatr Pulmonol 2004;38:339-43. doi: 10.1002\/ppul.20062.","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20062"},{"key":"ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saleh RS, Finn JP, Fenchel M, Moghadam AN, Krishnam M, Abrazado M, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with pectus excavatum compared with normal controls. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2010;12:73. doi: 10.1186\/1532-429X-12-73.","DOI":"10.1186\/1532-429X-12-73"},{"key":"ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu-Tair T, Turial S, Hess M, Wiethoff CM, Staatz G, Lollert A, et al. Impact of Pectus Excavatum on cardiopulmonary function. Ann Thorac Surg 2018;105:455-60. doi: 10.1016\/j. athoracsur.2017.09.037.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2017.09.037"},{"key":"ref-7","unstructured":"G\u00fcrsu AH, Karag\u00fcn BS, Korkmaz O, G\u00fcrsu SS, U\u00e7ar MA. Pektus ekskavatumlu \u00e7ocuklarda Haller indeksi ile ekokardiyografik ve spirometrik bulgular\u0131n korelasyonu. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2014 ;42:259-64. doi: 10.5543\/ tkda.2014.21845."},{"key":"ref-8","unstructured":"Alpar R. Spor, Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve E\u011fitim Bilimlerinde \u00d6rneklerle Uygulamal\u0131 \u0130statistik ve Ge\u00e7erlik-G\u00fcvenirlik. 6. Bask\u0131. Ankara: Detay Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k; 2020."},{"key":"ref-9","unstructured":"Akt\u00fcrk Z, Acemo\u011flu H. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve pratik istatistik. 2. Bask\u0131. \u0130stanbul: Anadolu Ofset; 2011. s. 187-294."},{"key":"ref-10","unstructured":"Alpar R. Uygulamal\u0131 istatistik ve ge\u00e7erlik-g\u00fcvenirlik. 6. Bask\u0131. Ankara: Detay Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k; 2020. s. 333-61."},{"key":"ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goretsky MJ, Kelly RE Jr, Croitoru D, Nuss D. Chest wall anomalies: Pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum. Adolesc Med Clin 2004;15:455-71. doi: 10.1016\/j. admecli.2004.06.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.admecli.2004.06.002"},{"key":"ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams AM, Crabbe DC. Pectus deformities of the anterior chest wall. Paediatr Respir Rev 2003;4:237-42. doi: 10.1016\/ s1526-0542(03)00053-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-0542(03)00053-8"},{"key":"ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rebeis EB, Samano MN, Dias CTDS, Fernandez A, de Campos JR, Jatene FB, et al. Anthropometric index for quantitative assessment of pectus excavatum. J Bras Pneumol 2004;30:501-7.","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-37132004000600003"},{"key":"ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaroszewski DE, Fonkalsrud EW. Repair of pectus chest deformities in 320 adult patients: 21 year experience. Ann Thorac Surg 2007;84:429-33. doi: 10.1016\/j. athoracsur.2007.03.077.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.03.077"},{"key":"ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelly RE Jr, Shamberger RC, Mellins RB, Mitchell KK, Lawson ML, Oldham K, et al. Prospective multicenter study of surgical correction of pectus excavatum: Design, perioperative complications, pain, and baseline pulmonary function facilitated by internet-based data collection. J Am Coll Surg 2007;205:205-16. doi: 10.1016\/j. jamcollsurg.2007.03.027.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2007.03.027"},{"key":"ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramadan S, Wilde J, Tabard-Foug\u00e8re A, Toso S, Beghetti M, Vall\u00e9e JP, et al. Cardiopulmonary function in adolescent patients with pectus excavatum or carinatum. BMJ Open Respir Res 2021;8:e001020. doi: 10.1136\/ bmjresp-2021-001020.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2021-001020"},{"key":"ref-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelly RE Jr, Lawson ML, Paidas CN, Hruban RH. Pectus excavatum in a 112-year autopsy series: Anatomic findings and the effect on survival. J Pediatr Surg 2005;40:1275-8. doi: 10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.05.010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.05.010"},{"key":"ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelly RE Jr, Obermeyer RJ, Nuss D. Diminished pulmonary function in pectus excavatum: From denying the problem to finding the mechanism. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2016;5:466- 75. doi: 10.21037\/acs.2016.09.09.","DOI":"10.21037\/acs.2016.09.09"},{"key":"ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawson ML, Mellins RB, Paulson JF, Shamberger RC, Oldham K, Azizkhan RG, et al. Increasing severity of pectus excavatum is associated with reduced pulmonary function. J Pediatr 2011;159:256-61.e2. doi: 10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.01.065.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.01.065"},{"key":"ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaroszewski DE, Warsame TA, Chandrasekaran K, Chaliki H. Right ventricular compression observed in echocardiography from pectus excavatum deformity. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2011;19:192-5. doi: 10.4250\/jcu.2011.19.4.192.","DOI":"10.4250\/jcu.2011.19.4.192"},{"key":"ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malek MH, Berger DE, Housh TJ, Marelich WD, Coburn JW, Beck TW. Cardiovascular function following surgical repair of pectus excavatum: A metaanalysis. Chest 2006;130:506- 16. doi: 10.1378\/chest.130.2.506.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.2.506"},{"key":"ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seliem MA, Duffy CE, Gidding SS, Berdusis K, Benson DW Jr. Echocardiographic evaluation of the aortic root and mitral valve in children and adolescents with isolated pectus excavatum: Comparison with Marfan patients. Pediatr Cardiol 1992;13:20-3. doi: 10.1007\/BF00788224.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00788224"},{"key":"ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bleeker GB, Steendijk P, Holman ER, Yu CM, Breithardt OA, Kaandorp TA, et al. Assessing right ventricular function: The role of echocardiography and complementary technologies. Heart 2006;92 Suppl 1:i19-26. doi: 10.1136\/hrt.2005.082503.","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2005.082503"},{"key":"ref-24","unstructured":"Hu T, Feng J, Liu W, Jiang X, Wei F, Tang Y, et al. Modified sternal elevation for children with pectus excavatum. Chin Med J (Engl) 2000;113:451-4."}],"container-title":["Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/tgkdc.dergisi.org\/uploads\/pdf\/pdf_TGKDC_3716.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/tgkdc.dergisi.org\/uploads\/pdf\/pdf_TGKDC_3716.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T13:52:09Z","timestamp":1782222729000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tjtcvs.org\/articles\/doi\/tgkdc.dergisi.2023.24088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5606\/tgkdc.dergisi.2023.24088","relation":{},"ISSN":["1301-5680","2149-8156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1301-5680","type":"print"},{"value":"2149-8156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]]}}}