{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:33:46Z","timestamp":1791380026090,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ama"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review explores how virtual and augmented reality technologies are transforming medical education and clinical practice,\u00a0particularly in anatomy instruction. Virtual and augmented reality technologies are reshaping our perception and interaction\u00a0with anatomical structures. Their integration into medical practice has introduced opportunities in diagnostics, surgical training,\u00a0rehabilitation, and patient education. With the increasing number of U.S. Food and Drug Administration approvals, these technologies offer a transformative shift in the teaching and practice of medicine. Virtual environments facilitate detailed anatomical visualization, offering students and trainees immersive and interactive experiences. This paper highlights the role of these technologies in enhancing educational methods, improving knowledge retention, and overcoming traditional limitations, such as the scarcity of cadavers.\nConclusion. Virtual and augmented reality offer novel educational tools in the health sciences, providing cost-effective, accessible, and innovative approaches to anatomy education and clinical application. Further research is required to elucidate the benefits of these technologies in the education and training of medical students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5644\/ama2006-124.481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T14:31:48Z","timestamp":1759329108000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Virtual and Augmented Reality in Anatomy Education: Exploring New Horizons"],"prefix":"10.5644","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Nikas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Advanced Anatomical Applications, Artificial Intelligence, and Experimental Surgical Research (AAAAAIES Lab), Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Nursing School, University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Toumanidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Lymphedema-Lymphatic Diseases of Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Vergados","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Piraeus, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodoros","family":"Mariolis-Sapsakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Advanced Anatomical Applications, Artificial Intelligence, and Experimental Surgical Research (AAAAAIES Lab), Athens, Greece"},{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Tsolis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Piraeus, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Filippou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodoros","family":"Troupis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Koumenis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Advanced Anatomical Applications, Artificial Intelligence, and Experimental Surgical Research (AAAAAIES Lab), Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Nursing School, University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Kalemikerakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Nursing Rehabilitation of the Chronically Ill (NRCILab), Community Nursing Department, Nursing School, University of West Attica, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stamatis","family":"Karakatsanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital for Chest Diseases, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Dimakakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Lymphedema-Lymphatic Diseases of Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Anatomy-Physiology, Nursing School, University of West Attica, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3666","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"container-title":["Acta Medica Academica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ama.ba\/index.php\/ama\/article\/download\/610\/656","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ama.ba\/index.php\/ama\/article\/download\/610\/656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T07:52:07Z","timestamp":1763625127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ama.ba\/index.php\/ama\/article\/view\/610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5644\/ama2006-124.481","relation":{},"ISSN":["1840-2879","1840-1848"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1840-2879","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1840-1848","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]}}}