{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T01:19:13Z","timestamp":1772155153162,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ecerm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Reprod Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study aimed to assess associations between the peripheral natural killer (pNK) cell percentage and women\u2019s age, body mass index (BMI), serum anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone (AMH), autoantibodies, and thrombophilia-related markers among infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).Methods: We enrolled 91 infertile Korean women (mean age 37.7 years [range, 26 to 48]) whose pNK cell percentage was measured either before IVF (22 women) or after \u22651 failed embryo transfer (ET) (69 women) between May 2017 and November 2022 at a single university hospital. Levels of antiphospholipid antibodies, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin, anti-microsome, anti-nuclear antibodies, antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S were measured. Serum AMH was tested within 1 year of the pNK cell measurement.Results: The mean pNK cell percentage was 16.69%\u00b17.60%, and 68 women (74.7%) had pNK \u226512%. Univariate analysis of five continuous variables (age, BMI, AMH, TSH, and number of failed ETs) showed that the pNK percentage was negatively associated with BMI (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;\/i&gt;=\u20130.213, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;=0.043) and AMH (&lt;i&gt;r&lt;\/i&gt;=\u20130.213, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;=0.049). Among 11 autoantibodies\/markers, only \u03b22-glycoprotein 1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody was associated with a difference in pNK percentage (9.75%\u00b14.72% in 4 positive vs. 17.63%\u00b17.77% in 76 negative women, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;=0.022). In a multivariate analysis of BMI, AMH, and \u03b22-glycoprotein 1 IgG positivity, AMH (B=\u20130.249, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;=0.028) was significantly negatively associated with the pNK percentage.Conclusion: The percentage of pNK cells is closely associated with serum AMH levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2025.08039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T05:08:22Z","timestamp":1766552902000},"page":"31-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5653\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of peripheral natural killer cell percentage with age, body mass index, serum anti- M\u00fcllerian hormone, various autoantibodies, and thrombophilia-related markers in women undergoing in vitro 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