{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T00:00:08Z","timestamp":1755216008087,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Methodol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance, however the prognostic significance of hyponatremia in peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>AIM<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>To assess the prognostic significance of hyponatremia in PPCM patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>We consecutively recruited patients with PPCM from 14 sites in Nigeria and followed them up for a median of 18 months. Serum sodium was measured at baseline, and patients with hyponatremia (&lt; 135 mmol\/L) were compared with those with normal sodium levels. Cox proportional hazards regression models were developed to identify factors associated with all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Of the 191 PPCM patients recruited, 90 (47.1%) had hyponatremia at presentation. All-cause mortality among the hyponatremic patients (24\/90; 26.7%) was significantly higher than among patients with normal serum sodium (7\/101; 6.9%) (P -value &lt; 0.001). In the Cox proportional hazards regression model, hyponatremia was independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio: 3.18 (95% confidence interval: 1.35-7.52; P  = 0.008)], as were hypotension (systolic blood pressure &lt; 100 mmHg) [2.22 (1.03-4.79); P  = 0.043] and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt; 25% [3.14 (1.47-6.73), P  = 0.003].<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Hyponatremia was common in our cohort of PPCM patients, and was independently associated with a threefold increased risk for all-cause mortality. Hypotension and a LVEF below 25% at presentation were also independent predictors of mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5662\/wjm.v15.i4.101181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T07:16:17Z","timestamp":1754205377000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic significance of hyponatremia in peripartum cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.5662","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kamilu M","family":"Karaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naser A","family":"Ishaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hadiza","family":"Saidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sulaiman A","family":"Balarabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Abdullahi","family":"Talle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad S","family":"Isa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B1","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2873"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B2","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080451"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B3","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14624"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B4","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12562"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.540"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B6","DOI":"10.17987\/icfj.v12i0.462"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. J Postgrad Med 2002; 206-208","key":"B7","DOI":"10.4414\/smf.2001.04031"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B8","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2021-0293"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B9","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq120"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B10","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S110872"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B11","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.005261"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"B12","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab368"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Methodology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2222-0682\/full\/v15\/i4\/101181.htm","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2222-0682\/full\/v15\/i4\/101181.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T07:16:24Z","timestamp":1754205384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/2222-0682\/full\/v15\/i4\/101181.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"alternative-id":["101181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5662\/wjm.v15.i4.101181","relation":{},"ISSN":["2222-0682"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2222-0682"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]]}}}