{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:12:25Z","timestamp":1789132345080,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Sleep Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.11784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T15:00:24Z","timestamp":1750950024000},"page":"1925-1933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Obstructive sleep apnea, glycemic control, and cardiovascular risk in young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes: results from the TODAY study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lorraine E.","family":"Levitt Katz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laure K.","family":"El ghormli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen J.","family":"Nadeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Higgins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Kutney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose","family":"Gubitosi-Klug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Mokhlesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the TODAY Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.05.009","volume":"152","author":"S Reutrakul","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reutrakul S, Mokhlesi B. Obstructive sleep apnea and diabetes: a state of the art review. Chest.. 2017;152(5):1070-1086.","journal-title":"Chest."},{"issue":"4","key":"2111015_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2127","volume":"44","author":"B Mokhlesi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mokhlesi B, Tjaden AH, Temple KA, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea, glucose tolerance, and \u03b2-cell function in adults with prediabetes or untreated type 2 diabetes in the restoring insulin secretion (RISE) study. Diabetes Care.. 2021;44(4):993-1001.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1776","volume":"32","author":"GD Foster","year":"2009","unstructured":"Foster GD, Sanders MH, Millman R, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea among obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care.. 2009;32(6):1017-1019.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"2","key":"2111015_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200708-135MG","volume":"5","author":"JC Lumeng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lumeng JC, Chervin RD. Epidemiology of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Proc Am Thorac Soc.. 2008;5(2):242-252.","journal-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc."},{"issue":"12","key":"2111015_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20508","volume":"41","author":"AM Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"Li AM, Chan MH, Chan DF, et al. Insulin and obstructive sleep apnea in obese Chinese children. Pediatr Pulmonol.. 2006;41(12):1175-1181.","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol."},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"2111015_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.5.9809079","volume":"159","author":"S Redline","year":"1999","unstructured":"Redline S, Tishler PV, Schluchter M, et al. Risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in children. Associations with obesity, race, and respiratory problems. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.. 1999;159(5 Pt 1):1527-1532.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.01.051","volume":"150","author":"SL Verhulst","year":"2007","unstructured":"Verhulst SL, Schrauwen N, Haentjens D, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and the metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese children and adolescents. J Pediatr.. 2007;150(6):608-612.","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.5.2103001","volume":"165","author":"MS Ip","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ip MS, Lam B, Ng MM, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is independently associated with insulin resistance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.. 2002;165(5):670-676.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"12 Pt 2","key":"2111015_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199715120-00062","volume":"15","author":"K Narkiewicz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Narkiewicz K, Somers VK. The sympathetic nervous system and obstructive sleep apnea: implications for hypertension. J Hypertens.. 1997;15(12 Pt 2):1613-1619.","journal-title":"J Hypertens."},{"key":"2111015_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000196732","volume":"64","author":"EC Fletcher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Fletcher EC. Sympathetic activity and blood pressure in the sleep apnea syndrome. Respiration.. 1997;64(Suppl):22-28.","journal-title":"Respiration."},{"issue":"2","key":"2111015_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14243","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14243","volume":"34","author":"A Brian\u00e7on-Marjollet","year":"2025","unstructured":"Brian\u00e7on-Marjollet A, Netchita\u00eflo M, Fabre F, et al. Intermittent hypoxia increases lipid insulin resistance in healthy humans: a randomized crossover trial. J Sleep Res.. 2025;34(2):e14243.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2111015_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.074351","volume":"62","author":"SD West","year":"2007","unstructured":"West SD, Nicoll DJ, Wallace TM, et al. Effect of CPAP on insulin resistance and HbA1c in men with obstructive sleep apnoea and type 2 diabetes. Thorax.. 2007;62(11):969-974.","journal-title":"Thorax."},{"issue":"2","key":"2111015_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-016-1428-7","volume":"21","author":"JCM Lam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lam JCM, Lai AYK, Tam TCC, et al. CPAP therapy for patients with sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes mellitus improves control of blood pressure. Sleep Breath.. 2017;21(2):377-386.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"issue":"4","key":"2111015_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201511-2260OC","volume":"194","author":"JE Shaw","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shaw JE, Punjabi NM, Naughton MT, et al. The effect of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.. 2016;194(4):486-492.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"2111015_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-2006","volume":"43","author":"KA Loffler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Loffler KA, Heeley E, Freed R, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment, glycemia, and diabetes risk in obstructive sleep apnea and comorbid cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care.. 2020;43(8):1859-1867.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"7","key":"2111015_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.11.069","volume":"69","author":"S Javaheri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Javaheri S, Barbe F, Campos-Rodriguez F, et al. Sleep apnea: types, mechanisms, and clinical cardiovascular consequences. J Am Coll Cardiol.. 2017;69(7):841-858.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"21","key":"2111015_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.16303","volume":"14","author":"DJ Bratton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bratton DJ, Gaisl T, Wons AM, et al. CPAP vs mandibular advancement devices and blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA.. 2015;14(21):2280-2293.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"13","key":"2111015_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.17465","volume":"330","author":"M S\u00e1nchez-de-la-Torre","year":"2023","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-de-la-Torre M, Gracia-Lavedan E, Benitez ID, et al. Adherence to CPAP treatment and the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. JAMA.. 2023;330(13):1255-1265.","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2111015_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2007.00237.x","volume":"8","author":"P Zeitler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zeitler P, Epstein L, Grey M, et al. Treatment options for type 2 diabetes in adolescents and youth: a study of the comparative efficacy of metformin alone or in combination with rosiglitazone or lifestyle intervention in adolescents with type 2 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes.. 2007;8:74-87.","journal-title":"Pediatr Diabetes."},{"key":"2111015_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1109333","volume":"366","author":"P Zeitler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zeitler P, Hirst K, Pyle L, et al. A clinical trial to maintain glycemic control in youth with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med.. 2012;366:2247-2256.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"2111015_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-0556","volume":"42","author":"RISE Consortium","year":"2019","unstructured":". Lack of durable improvements in \u03b2-cell function following withdrawal of pharmacological interventions in adults with impaired glucose tolerance or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care.. 2019;42(9):1742-1751.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2393","volume":"36","author":"TODAY Study Group","year":"2013","unstructured":". Effects of metformin, metformin plus rosiglitazone, and metformin plus lifestyle on insulin sensitivity and \u03b2-cell function in TODAY. Diabetes Care.. 2013;36(6):1749-1757.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2100165","volume":"385","author":"P Bjornstad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bjornstad P, Drews KL, Caprio S, et al. Long-term complications in youth-onset type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med.. 2021;385(5):416-426.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2111015_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-021-01796-6","volume":"59","author":"AS Shah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shah AS, El Ghormli L, Gidding SS, et al. Longitudinal changes in vascular stiffness and heart rate variability among young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes: results from the follow-up observational treatment options for type 2 diabetes in adolescents and youth (TODAY) study. Acta Diabetol.. 2022;59(2):197-205.","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2111015_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2021.108123","volume":"36","author":"RD Shah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shah RD, Braffett BH, Tryggestad JB, et al. Cardiovascular risk factor progression in adolescents and young adults with youth-onset type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications.. 2022;36(3):108123.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30057-8","volume":"7","author":"MI Boulos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Boulos MI, Jairam T, Kendzerska T, et al. Normal polysomnography parameters in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med.. 2019;7(6):533-543.","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"2111015_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-7-199910050-00002","volume":"131","author":"NC Netzer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Netzer NC, Stoohs RA, Netzer CM, et al. Using the Berlin questionnaire to identify patients at risk for the sleep apnea syndrome. Ann Intern Med.. 1999;131(7):485-491.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","volume":"14","author":"MW Johns","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep.. 1991;14(6):540-545.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"11","key":"2111015_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1093","volume":"34","author":"D Koren","year":"2011","unstructured":"Koren D, Levitt Katz LE, Brar PC, et al. Sleep architecture and glucose and insulin homeostasis in obese adolescents. Diabetes Care.. 2011;34(11):2442-2447.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051386","volume":"13","author":"K Zasadzi\u0144ska-Stempniak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zasadzi\u0144ska-Stempniak K, Zaj\u0105czkiewicz H, Kukwa A. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the young adult population: a systematic review. J Clin Med.. 2024;13(5):1386.","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.6.819","volume":"33","author":"TB Rice","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rice TB, Dunn RE, Lincoln AE, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing in the national football league. Sleep.. 2010;33(6):819-824.","journal-title":"Sleep."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh261","volume":"160","author":"NM Punjabi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Punjabi NM, Shahar E, Redline S, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance: the sleep heart health study. Am J Epidemiol.. 2004;160(6):521-530.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2111015_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200504-637OC","volume":"172","author":"KJ Reichmuth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Reichmuth KJ, Austin D, Skatrud JB, et al. Association of sleep apnea and type II diabetes: a population-based study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.. 2005;172(12):1590-1595.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.123765","volume":"140","author":"RC de la Eva","year":"2002","unstructured":"de la Eva RC, Baur LA, Donaghue KC, et al. Metabolic correlates with obstructive sleep apnea in obese subjects. J Pediatr.. 2002;140(6):654-659.","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201112-2135OC","volume":"186","author":"AA Tahrani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tahrani AA, Ali A, Raymond NT, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea and diabetic neuropathy: a novel association in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.. 2012;186(5):434-441.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2111015_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3458615","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3458615","volume":"2018","author":"H Shen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shen H, Zhao J, Liu Y, et al. Interactions between and shared molecular mechanisms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetes patients. J Diabetes Res.. 2018;2018:3458615.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1962","volume":"34","author":"KL Knutson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Knutson KL, Van Cauter E, Zee P, et al. Cross-sectional associations between measures of sleep and markers of glucose metabolism among subjects with and without diabetes: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Sleep Study. Diabetes Care.. 2011;34(5):1171-1176.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1386","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00550.2023","volume":"326","author":"D Koren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koren D, Knutson KL, Burke BK, et al. The association of self-reported sleep and circadian measures with glycemic control and diabetes complications among young adults with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.. 2024;326(6):H1386-H1395.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2111015_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2653","volume":"131","author":"M Eikermann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Eikermann M, Jordan AS, Chamberlin NL, et al. The influence of aging on pharyngeal collapsibility during sleep. Chest.. 2007;131(6):1702-1709.","journal-title":"Chest."},{"issue":"5","key":"2111015_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12823","volume":"9","author":"I Muraki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muraki I, Wada H, Tanigawa T. Sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig.. 2018;9(5):991-997.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.5664\/jcsm.11784.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.5664\/jcsm.11784\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.5664\/jcsm.11784.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T08:28:48Z","timestamp":1770366528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.5664\/jcsm.11784"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["2111015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.11784","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-9389","1550-9397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-9389","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9397","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}