{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:39:22Z","timestamp":1791383962806,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]],"date-time":"2011-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]],"date-time":"2011-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Sleep Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]]},"DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.1474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,14]],"date-time":"2011-12-14T11:48:45Z","timestamp":1323863325000},"page":"653-658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Cerebrospinal Fluid Hypocretin 1 Deficiency, Overweight, and Metabolic Dysregulation in Patients with Narcolepsy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Mona S.","family":"Heier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine S.","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaare M.","family":"Gautvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF0706013_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2009.01166.x","volume":"120","author":"MS Heier","year":"2009","unstructured":"Heier MS, Evsiukova T, Wilson Abdelnoor M, Hublin C, Ervik S. Prevalence of narcolepsy with cataplexy in Norway. Acta Neurol Scand 2009;120:276\u201380.","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410350612","volume":"35","author":"C Hublin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hublin C, Kaprio J, Partinen M, et al. The prevalence of narcolepsy: an epidemiological study of the Finnish twin cohort. Ann Neurol 1994;35:709\u201316.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.12.1826","volume":"58","author":"MM Ohayon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ohayon MM, Pries RG, Zulley J, Smirne S, Paiva T. Prevalence of narcolepsy symptomatology and diagnosis in the European general population. Neurology 2002;58:1826\u201333.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.2.197","volume":"25","author":"M Silber","year":"2002","unstructured":"Silber M, Krahn L, Olson E, Pancratz S. The epidemiology of narcolepsy in Olmstedt County, Minnesota: a population-based study. Sleep 2002;25:197\u2013202.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR5","volume-title":"The international classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2005","unstructured":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The international classification of sleep disorders, 2nd ed: diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005.","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8733","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.16.8733","volume":"93","author":"KM Gautvik","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gautvik KM, De Lecea L, Gautvik VT, et al. Overview of the most prevalent hypothalamus-specific mRNAs as identified by directional PCR subtraction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996;93:8733\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.1.322","volume":"95","author":"L De Lecea","year":"1998","unstructured":"De Lecea L, Kilduff TS, Peyron C, et al. The hypocretins: hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998;95:322\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.8.969","volume":"30","author":"MS Heier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Heier MS, Evsiukova T, Vilming S, Gjerstad MD, Schrader H, Gautvik K. CSF hypocretin-1 levels and clinical profiles in narcolepsy and idiopathic CNS hypersomnia in Norway. Sleep 2007;30:969\u201373.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.10.1553","volume":"59","author":"E Mignot","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mignot E, Lammers GJ, Ripley B, et al. The role of cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin measurements in the diagnosis of narcolepsy and other hypersomnias. Arch Neurol 2002;59:1553\u201362.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05582-8","volume":"355","author":"S Nishino","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nishino S, Ripley B, Overeem S, Lammers GJ, Mignot E. CSF hypocretin\/orexin deficiency in human narcolepsy. Lancet 2000;355:39\u201340.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.12.2253","volume":"57","author":"B Ripley","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ripley B, Overeem S, Fujiki N, et al. CSF hypocretin\/orexin levels in narcolepsy and other neurological conditions. Neurology 2001;57:2253\u201358.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00058-1","volume":"27","author":"TC Thannickal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Thannickal TC, Moore RY, Nienhuis R, et al. Reduced number of hypocretin neurons in human narcolepsy. Neuron 2000;27:467\u201374.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80949-6","volume":"92","author":"T Sakurai","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sakurai T, Amemiya A, Ishii M, et al. Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G-protein coupled receptors that regulate feeding behaviour. Cell 1998;92:573\u201385.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2174\/187152706777452218","volume":"5","author":"T Sakurai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sakurai T. Roles of orexins and orexin receptors in central regulation of feeding behaviour and energy homeostasis. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2006;5:313\u201325.","journal-title":"CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/32.11.1491","volume":"32","author":"F Poli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Poli F, Plazzi G, Di Dalmazi G, et al. Body mass index-independent metabolic alterations in narcolepsy with cataplexy. Sleep 2009;32:1491\u20137.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/9.1.254","volume":"9","author":"Y Honda","year":"1986","unstructured":"Honda Y, Doy Y, Ninomiya R, Ninomiua C. Increased frequency of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus among narcoleptic patients. Sleep 1986;9:254\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74704-8","volume":"355","author":"A Schuld","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schuld A, Hebebrand J, Geller F, Pollm\u00e4cher T. Increased body-mass index in patients with narcolepsy. Lancet 2000;355:1274\u20135.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s004060170057","volume":"251","author":"N Dahmen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dahmen N, Bierbrauer J, Kasten M. Increased prevalence of obesity in narcoleptic patients and relatives. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;251:85\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1130","volume":"50","author":"S Nishino","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nishino S, Ripley B, Overeem S, et al. Low cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin (Orexin) and altered energy homeostasis in human narcolepsy. Ann Neurol 2001;50:381\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR20","first-page":"962","volume":"32","author":"N Dahmen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dahmen N, Tonn P, Messoroghi L, Gheszel-Ahmadi D, Engel A. Basal metabolic rate in narcoleptic patients. Sleep 2009;32:962\u20134.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.10.1267","volume":"30","author":"D Chabas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chabas D, Foulon C, Gonzalez J, et al. Eating disorder and metabolism in narcoleptic patients. Sleep 2007;30:1267\u201373.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/29.8.1017","volume":"29","author":"I Arnulf","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arnulf I, Lin L, Zhang J, et al. CSF versus serum leptin in narcolepsy: Is there an effect of hypocretin deficiency? Sleep 2006;29:1017\u201324.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2006.03.011","volume":"27","author":"N Fujiki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fujiki N, Yoshida Y, Zhang S, et al. Sex difference in body weight gain and leptin signalling in hypocretin\/orexin deficient mouse models. Peptides 2006;27:2326\u201331.","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2826.1999.00378.x","volume":"11","author":"M-L H\u00e5kanson","year":"1999","unstructured":"H\u00e5kanson M-L, de Lecea L, Sutcliffe JG, Yanagisawa M, Meister B. Leptin receptor-and STAT3-immunoreactivities in hypocretin\/orexin neurones of the lateral hypothalamus. J Neuroendocrinol 1999;11:653\u201363.","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1159\/000054587","volume":"72","author":"A Shuld","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shuld A, Blum WF, Uhr M, et al. Reduced leptin levels in human narcolepsy. Neuroendocrinology 2000;72:195\u20138.","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8246","volume":"87","author":"SW Kok","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kok SW, Meinders AE, Overeem S, Lammers GJ, Roelfsema F, Fr\u00f6lich M. Reduction of plasma leptin levels and loss of its circadian rhythmicity in hypocretin (orexin)-deficient narcoleptic humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:805\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2006.0037","volume":"9","author":"N Dahmen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dahmen N, Engel A, Helfrich J, et al. Peripheral leptin levels in narcoleptic patients. Diabetes Tech Ther 2007;9:348\u201353.","journal-title":"Diabetes Tech Ther"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.10.1267","volume":"30","author":"D Chabas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chabas D, Foulon C, Gonzales J, et al. Eating disorder and metabolism in narcoleptic patients. Sleep 2007;30:1267\u201373.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/31.3.335","volume":"31","author":"HA Fortuin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fortuin HA, Swinkels S, Buitelaar J, et al. High prevalence of eating disorders in narcolepsy with cataplexy: a case control study. Sleep 2008;31:335\u201341.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR30","first-page":"257","volume":"4","author":"N Dahmen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dahmen N, Becht J, Engel A, Thommes M, Tonn P. Prevalence of eating disorders and eating attacks in narcolepsy. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2008;4:257\u201361.","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01376-8","volume":"354","author":"K Spiegel","year":"1999","unstructured":"Spiegel K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. Lancet 1999;354:1435\u201339.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0010062","volume":"1","author":"S Taheri","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taheri S, Lin L, Austin D, Young T, Mignot E. Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index. PLoS Med 2004;1:e62.Published online 2004 December 7.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2007.00569.x","volume":"16","author":"B Bjorvatn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bjorvatn B, Sagen I, \u00d8yane N, et al. The association between sleep duration, body mass index and metabolic measures in the Hordaland Health Study. J Sleep Res 2007;16:66\u201376.","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(88)90145-9","volume":"70","author":"R Broughton","year":"1988","unstructured":"Broughton R, Dunham W, Newman J, Lutley K, Duchesne P, Rivers M. Ambulatory 24 hour sleep-wake monitoring in narcolepsy-cataplexy compared to matched controls. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1988;70:473\u201381.","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BF0706013_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/9.1.232","volume":"9","author":"TL Baker","year":"1986","unstructured":"Baker TL, Guilleminault G, Nino-Murcia G, et al. comparative polysomnographic study of narcolepsy and idiopathic central nervous system hypersomnia. Sleep 1986;9:232\u201342.","journal-title":"Sleep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.5664\/jcsm.1474.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.5664\/jcsm.1474\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.aasmnet.org\/jcsm\/viewabstract.aspx?pid=28374","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.5664\/jcsm.1474.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T08:03:07Z","timestamp":1770364987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.5664\/jcsm.1474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]]}},"alternative-id":["BF0706013"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.1474","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-9389","1550-9397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-9389","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9397","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 April 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2011","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2011","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 December 2011","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}