{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:54:56Z","timestamp":1792706096252,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]],"date-time":"2014-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]],"date-time":"2014-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Sleep Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]]},"DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.3786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,13]],"date-time":"2014-06-13T14:47:52Z","timestamp":1402670872000},"page":"631-636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The Effect of Continuous Positive Air Pressure (CPAP) on Nightmares in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sadeka","family":"Tamanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jefferson D.","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. I.","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1006004_CR1","first-page":"365","volume":"5","author":"DS Weiss","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weiss DS, Marmar CR, Schlenger WE, et al. The prevalence of lifetime and partial post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam theater veterans. J Trauma Stress 1992;5:365\u201376.","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"1006004_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21828","volume":"26","author":"I Kobayashi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kobayashi I, Delahanty DL. Gender differences in subjective sleep after trauma and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: a pilot study. J Trauma Stress 2013;26:467\u201374.","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"1006004_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-008-0233-3","volume":"13","author":"J Farrahi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Farrahi J, Nakhaee N, Sheibani V, Garrusi B, Amirkafi A. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index addendum for PTSD (PSQI-A). Sleep Breath 2009;13:259\u201362.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"1006004_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.7.929","volume":"155","author":"TC Neylan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Neylan TC, Marmar CR, Metzler TJ, et al. Sleep disturbances in the Vietnam generation: findings from a nationally representative sample of male Vietnam veterans. Am J Psychiatry 1998;155:929\u201333.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2000.16568","volume":"41","author":"MM Ohayon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ohayon MM, Shapiro CM. Sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in the general population. Compr Psychiatry 2000;41:469\u201378.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR6","first-page":"455","volume":"5","author":"BO Rothbaum","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rothbaum BO, Foa EB, Riggs DS, Murdock T, Walsh W. A prospective examination of post-traumatic stress disorder in rape victims. J Trauma Stress 1992;5:455\u201375.","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"1006004_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.146.6.697","volume":"146","author":"RJ Ross","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ross RJ, Ball WA, Sullivan KA, Caroff SN. Sleep disturbance as the hallmark of posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1989;146:697\u2013707.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR8","first-page":"660","volume":"44","author":"I Kobayashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kobayashi I, Boarts JM, Delahanty DL. Polysomnographically measured sleep abnormalities in PTSD: a meta-analytic review. Psychophysiology 2007;44:660\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"1006004_CR9","first-page":"957","volume":"35","author":"I Kobayashi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kobayashi I, Huntley E, Lavela J, Mellman TA. Subjectively and objectively measured sleep with and without posttraumatic stress disorder and trauma exposure. Sleep 2012;35:957\u201365.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1006004_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2260","volume":"8","author":"JF Collen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Collen JF, Lettieri CJ, Hoffman M. The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on CPAP adherence in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2012;8:667\u201372.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"1006004_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2008.06.002","volume":"13","author":"M Schredl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schredl M. Dreams in patients with sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev 2009;13:215\u201321.","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"1006004_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.27713","volume":"6","author":"JF Pagel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pagel JF, Kwiatkowski C. The nightmares of sleep apnea: nightmare frequency declines with increasing apnea hypopnea index. J Clin Sleep Med 2010;6:69\u201373.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"1006004_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.28043","volume":"7","author":"S Fisher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fisher S, Lewis KE, Bartle I, Ghosal R, Davies L, Blagrove M. Emotional content of dreams in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients and sleepy snorers attending a sleep-disordered breathing clinic. J Clin Sleep Med 2011;7:69\u201374.","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"1006004_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1037\/h0094412","volume":"4","author":"M Gross","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gross M, Lavie P. Dreams in sleep apnea patients. Dreaming 1994;4:195\u2013204.","journal-title":"Dreaming"},{"key":"1006004_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.08.008","volume":"12","author":"VI Spoormaker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Spoormaker VI, Montgomery P. Disturbed sleep in post-traumatic stress disorder: secondary symptom or core feature? Sleep Med Rev 2008;12:169\u201384.","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"1006004_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-006-0076-8","volume":"10","author":"M Schredl","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schredl M, Schmitt J, Hein G, Schmoll T, Eller S, Haaf J. Nightmares and oxygen desaturations: is sleep apnea related to heightened nightmare frequency? Sleep Breath 2006;10:203\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"1006004_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.1999.0095","volume":"4","author":"G Pillar","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pillar G, Malhotra A, Lavie P. Post-traumatic stress disorder and sleep-what a nightmare!. Sleep Med Rev 2000;4:183\u2013200.","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"1006004_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12040432","volume":"170","author":"A Germain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Germain A. Sleep disturbances as the hallmark of PTSD: where are we now? Am J Psychiatry 2013;170:372\u201382.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(00)00147-1","volume":"49","author":"B Krakow","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krakow B, Lowry C, Germain A, et al. A retrospective study on improvements in nightmares and post-traumatic stress disorder following treatment for co-morbid sleep-disordered breathing. J Psychosom Res 2000;49:291\u20138.","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"1006004_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.07.007","volume":"14","author":"ASA BaHammam","year":"2013","unstructured":"BaHammam ASA, Al-Shimemeri SSA, Salama RI, Sharif MM. Clinical and polysomnographic characteristics and response to continuous positive airway pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients with nightmares. Sleep Med 2013;14:149\u201354.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"1006004_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(98)71365-9","volume":"39","author":"JM Youakim","year":"1998","unstructured":"Youakim JM, Doghramji K, Schutte SL. Posttraumatic stress disorder and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Psychosomatics 1998;39:168\u201371.","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"1006004_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/33.11.1495","volume":"33","author":"AA El-Solh","year":"2010","unstructured":"El-Solh AA, Ayyar L, Akinnusi M, Relia S, Akinnusi O. Positive airway pressure adherence in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Sleep 2010;33:1495\u2013500.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1006004_CR23","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000.","edition":"4th"},{"key":"1006004_CR24","volume-title":"International classification of sleep disorders: diagnostic and coding manual","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2005","unstructured":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders, 2nd ed.: diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005.","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"1006004_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.1.111","volume":"34","author":"NA Antic","year":"2011","unstructured":"Antic NA, Catcheside P, Buchan C, et al. The effect of CPAP in normalizing daytime sleepiness, quality of life, and neurocognitive function in patients with moderate to severe OSA. Sleep 2011;34:111\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1006004_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.6.711","volume":"30","author":"TE Weaver","year":"2007","unstructured":"Weaver TE, Maislin G, Dinges DF, et al. Relationship between hours of CPAP use and achieving normal levels of sleepiness and daily functioning. Sleep 2007;30:711\u20139.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1006004_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.2.624","volume":"128","author":"F Campos-Rodriguez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Campos-Rodriguez F, Pe\u00f1a-Gri\u00f1an N, Reyes-Nu\u00f1ez N, et al. Mortality in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea patients treated with positive airway pressure. Chest 2005;128:624\u201333.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"1006004_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201307-1282ST","volume":"188","author":"RJ Schwab","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schwab RJ, Badr SM, Epstein LJ, et al. An official American Thoracic Society statement: continuous positive airway pressure adherence tracking systems. The optimal monitoring strategies and outcome measures in adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013;188:613\u201320.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1006004_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/147.4.887","volume":"147","author":"NB Kribbs","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kribbs NB, Pack AI, Kline LR, et al. Objective measurement of patterns of nasal CPAP use by patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993;147:887\u201395.","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"1006004_CR30","first-page":"221","volume":"36","author":"ME Billings","year":"2013","unstructured":"Billings ME, Rosen CL, Wang R, et al. Is the relationship between race and continuous positive airway pressure adherence mediated by sleep duration? Sleep 2013;36:221\u20137.","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1006004_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-860894","volume":"8","author":"SM Scharf","year":"2004","unstructured":"Scharf SM, Seiden L, DeMore J, Carter-Pokras O. Racial differences in clinical presentation of patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Sleep Breath 2004;8:173\u201383.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"1006004_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Autor D, Duggan MG, Lyle DS. Battle scars? The puzzling decline in employment and rise in disability receipt among Vietnam era veterans. Am Econ Rev 2011.","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.101.3.339"},{"key":"1006004_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20246","volume":"20","author":"TA Mellman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mellman TA, Pigeon WR, Nowell PD, Nolan B. Relationships between REM sleep findings and PTSD symptoms during the early aftermath of trauma. J Trauma Stress 2007;20:893\u2013901.","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"1006004_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.1.110","volume":"152","author":"TA Mellman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mellman TA, Kulick-Bell R, Ashlock LE, Nolan B. Sleep events among veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1995;152:110\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)91152-5","volume":"35","author":"RJ Ross","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ross RJ, Ball WA, Dinges DF, et al. Rapid eye movement sleep disturbance in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 1994;35:195\u2013202.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2012.05.007","volume":"211","author":"A Germain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Germain A, James J, Insana S, et al. A window into the invisible wound of war: functional neuroimaging of REM sleep in returning combat veterans with PTSD. Psychiatry Res 2013;211:176\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"1006004_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12081133","volume":"170","author":"MA Raskind","year":"2013","unstructured":"Raskind MA, Peterson K, Williams T, et al. A trial of prazosin for combat trauma PTSD with nightmares in active-duty soldiers returned From Iraq and Afghanistan. Am J Psychiatry 2013;170:1003\u201310.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0537-6","volume":"16","author":"W Conwell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Conwell W, Patel B, Doeing D, et al. Prevalence, clinical features, and CPAP adherence in REM-related sleep-disordered breathing: a cross-sectional analysis of a large clinical population. Sleep Breath 2012;16:519\u201326.","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"1006004_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(96)00033-2","volume":"34","author":"EB Blanchard","year":"1996","unstructured":"Blanchard EB, Jones-Alexander J, Buckley TC, Forneris CA. Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL). Behav Res Ther 1996;34:669\u201373.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"1006004_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(00)00084-X","volume":"39","author":"D Forbes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Forbes D, Creamer M, Biddle D. The validity of the PTSD checklist as a measure of symptomatic change in combat-related PTSD. Behav Res Ther 2001;39:977\u201386.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"1006004_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(02)00207-4","volume":"24","author":"DJ Dobie","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dobie DJ, Kivlahan DR, Maynard C, et al. Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder in female Veteran\u2019s Affairs patients: validation of the PTSD checklist. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2002;24:367\u201374.","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"1006004_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.2.272","volume":"76","author":"PD Bliese","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bliese PD, Wright KM, Adler AB, Cabrera O, Castro CA, Hoge CW. Validating the primary care posttraumatic stress disorder screen and the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist with soldiers returning from combat. J Consult Clin Psychol 2008;76:272\u201381.","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"1006004_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028014","volume":"24","author":"PA Arbisi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arbisi PA, Kaler ME, Kehle-Forbes SM, Erbes CR, Polusny MA, Thuras P. The predictive validity of the PTSD Checklist in a nonclinical sample of combat-exposed National Guard troops. Psychol Assess 2012;24:1034\u201340.","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.5664\/jcsm.3786.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.5664\/jcsm.3786\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.aasmnet.org\/jcsm\/viewabstract.aspx?pid=29506","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.5664\/jcsm.3786.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T08:11:41Z","timestamp":1770365501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.5664\/jcsm.3786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]]}},"alternative-id":["1006004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5664\/jcsm.3786","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-9389","1550-9397"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1550-9389","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-9397","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 September 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2013","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 January 2014","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2014","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}