{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T19:07:57Z","timestamp":1784920077652,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1147430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1147430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Journal of Australia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify the rate of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED)\u2010related infections and to identify risk factors for such infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study; analysis of linked hospital admissions and mortality data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting, participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All adults who underwent CIED procedures in New South Wales between 1 January 2016 and 30 June 2021 (public hospitals) or 30 June 2020 (private hospitals).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proportions of patients hospitalised with CIED\u2010related infections (identified by hospital record diagnosis codes); risk of CIED\u2010related infection by patient, device, and procedural factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 37\u2009675 CIED procedures (23\u2009194 men, 63.5%), 500 were followed by CIED\u2010related infections (median follow\u2010up, 24.9 months; interquartile range, 11.2\u201340.8 months), including 397 people (1.1%) within twelve months of their procedures, and 186 of 10\u2009540 people (2.5%) at high risk of such infections (replacement or upgrade procedures; new cardiac resynchronisation therapy with defibrillator, CRT\u2010D). The overall infection rate was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45\u20130.54) per 1000 person\u2010months; it was highest during the first month after the procedure (5.60 [95% CI, 4.89\u20136.42] per 1000 person\u2010months). The risk of CIED\u2010related infection was greater for people under 65 years of age than for those aged 65\u201374 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.71; 95% CI, 1.32\u20132.23), for people with CRT\u2010D devices than for those with permanent pacemakers (aHR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.02\u20132.08), for people who had previously undergone CIED procedures (two or more\n                      <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>\n                      none: aHR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.02\u20132.25) or had CIED\u2010related infections (aHR, 11.4; 95% CI, 8.34\u201315.7), or had undergone concomitant cardiac surgery (aHR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.10\u20132.39), and for people with atrial fibrillation (aHR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11\u20131.60), chronic kidney disease (aHR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.27\u20131.87), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aHR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.10\u20131.69), or cardiomyopathy (aHR 1.60; 95% CI, 1.25\u20132.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knowledge of risk factors for CIED\u2010related infections can help clinicians discuss them with their patients, identify people at particular risk, and inform decisions about device type, upgrades and replacements, and prophylactic interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.52302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T02:22:55Z","timestamp":1715048575000},"page":"510-516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Factors associated with cardiac implantable electronic device\u2010related infections, New South Wales, 2016\u201321: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.5694","volume":"220","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4502-1457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md Shajedur Rahman","family":"Shawon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Big Data Research in Health University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2291-1078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwadamisola T","family":"Sotade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Big Data Research in Health University of New South Wales  Sydney NSW"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince of Wales Hospital  Sydney NSW"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle D","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medtronic Australasia Pty Ltd  Sydney NSW"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liesl","family":"Strachan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medtronic Australasia Pty Ltd  Sydney 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