{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:05:30Z","timestamp":1790330730113,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003921","name":"Department of Health, Disability and Ageing","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Journal of Australia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine short\u2010term safety outcomes following vaccination at 2\u2010, 4\u2010, 6\u2010 and 12\u2010month timepoints, comparing infants receiving meningococcal B (MenB) vaccines concomitantly with National Immunisation Program (NIP) vaccines to those receiving vaccines at separate visits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Type<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational cohort survey study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting, Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Online surveys via AusVaxSafety were sent 3\u2009days post\u2010immunisation to collect reports of adverse events following immunisation (AEFIs). Infants aged &lt;\u200915\u2009months were included if, between 1 April 2022 and 31 March 2025, they received NIP and MenB vaccines concomitantly or separately at schedule timepoints, and their carer completed an AusVaxSafety survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bayesian multinomial logistic regression estimated the risk of reporting any AEFI, medical review and impact on daily activities following each vaccination strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 45,215 infants receiving NIP and MenB vaccines at the 2\u2010, 4\u2010, 6\u2010 and 12\u2010month timepoints (with or without other vaccines), 72% (32,751\/45,215) received concomitant vaccination. Excluding those with additional vaccines, 10,959 were included in the analysis. The adjusted model showed the cumulative risk of any AEFI was lower under the concomitant strategy compared with the separate strategy at 2\u2009months (29% [95% credible interval (CrI), 26% to 31%] vs. 35% [95% CrI, 31% to 40%], risk difference \u22126.7 [95% CrI, \u221211.5 to \u22122.2]) and similar at 4\u2009months (45% [95% CrI, 43% to 48%] vs. 47% [95% CrI, 43% to 52%]), 6\u2009months (45% [95% CrI, 42% to 49%] vs. 44% [95% CrI, 38% to 50%]) and 12\u2009months (47% [95% CrI, 45% to 50%] vs. 52% [95% CrI, 48% to 56%]). Medical review within 3\u2009days was lower at 12\u2009months in the concomitant group (4.1% [95% CrI, 3.4% to 5.0%] vs. separate 6.3% [95% CrI, 4.7% to 8.3%], risk difference \u22122.2 [\u22124.3 to \u22120.4]) and comparable across earlier time points (concomitant 2.3%\u20134.2% vs. separate 3.6%\u20133.9%). Impact on daily activities was low (concomitant 1.1%\u20138.5% vs. separate 1.6%\u20138.3%) with no differences observed between strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Separating MenB vaccines from routine NIP vaccines does not reduce, and may increase, the cumulative reaction burden across visits. Findings support concomitant administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.70297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T23:05:10Z","timestamp":1789945510000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short\u2010Term Safety of Concomitant Meningococcal B and National Immunisation Program Vaccines in Infants Aged &lt;\u200915\u2009Months: A Survey\u2010Based Surveillance Study"],"prefix":"10.5694","volume":"224","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0558-8662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thuy","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6295-5297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelyn C. 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Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0066-2218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1044180"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2023.2195786"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","unstructured":"Australian Government Department of Health Disability and Ageing \u201cChildhood Immunisation Schedule \u201d2025[cited 2025 29 September] 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