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These patterns of eating against a backdrop of shift work exacerbate circadian misalignment, which impairs cardiometabolic profiles and increases the risk of developing overweight and obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Limiting food intake at night and being mindful about food choices is beneficial on night shifts, but further research is required to determine appropriate timing and composition of food intake. Some food intake at night may be necessary in supporting individual alertness and performance at work and should be considered when recommending that shift workers minimise food intake at night. At the individual level, shift workers may benefit from minimising night\u2010time food intake during night shifts. At the organisational level, healthy food consumption habits should be encouraged by improving access to healthy food at night, implementing scheduled meal breaks and providing information about healthy eating guidelines to employees. Medical professionals and Accredited Practising Dietitians (APD) should be aware of the impact of circadian misalignment on metabolic health and consider this when educating patients on adhering to healthy eating guidelines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.70324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T09:09:17Z","timestamp":1792487357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding Chrononutrition for Managing Shift Workers' Health: A Narrative Review and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.5694","volume":"224","author":[{"given":"Yan Yin","family":"Phoi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Allied Health and Human Performance Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxine P.","family":"Bonham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Monash University  Notting Hill Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6485-1643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jillian","family":"Dorrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Adelaide University  Magill South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0205-2528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Rogers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1031-2545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison M.","family":"Coates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Research School Adelaide University  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231037"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.9642"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","volume-title":"Working Arrangements","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","volume-title":"Shift workers","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00561-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3700"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30455-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5491\/SHAW.2010.1.2.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.010777"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","first-page":"E246","article-title":"Evidence for a Circadian Rhythm of Insulin Secretion","volume":"271","author":"Boden G.","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730418824214"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.18.5.716"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21189"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2019.1683856"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/57.4.476"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2014.911149"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.00039"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","first-page":"E1402","article-title":"Circadian Misalignment Increases Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Humans","volume":"113","author":"Morris C. 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