{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T12:56:13Z","timestamp":1762520173810,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["animbiosci.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Biosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of associating calcium butyrate with tannin extract, compared to an antimicrobial on the growth performance, incidence of diarrhea, intestinal histology, immune-expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) in piglets.Methods: Seventy-two piglets (36 barrows and 36 gilts) weaned at 28\u00b12 d and initial body weight of 7.17\u00b11.07 kg were allocated to 3 treatments in a randomized complete block design with 8 replicates per treatment and 3 animals per experimental unit. Treatments were composed of NC, negative control: basal diet without additives; PC, positive control: basal diet + 40 mg\/kg of colistin sulfate; or BT, basal diet + calcium butyrate + tannin extract. The butyrate and tannin inclusion levels were 0.15% in the pre-starter phase and 0.075% in the starter phase. Incidence of diarrhea was monitored daily, and on d 14 and 35 of experiment, 1 animal from each experimental unit was slaughtered to collect intestinal samples.Results: No significant differences were observed for growth performance. The butyrate-and tannin-based additive resulted in reduced (p&lt;0.05) incidence of diarrhea in piglets during d 1 to 14 and d 1 to 35 in comparison with the other treatments. Piglets that consumed the diet containing the calcium-butyrate and tannin showed a lower (p&lt;0.05) crypt depth in the duodenum than those receiving the NC treatment at 14 d of experimentation. The BT treatment provided a lower (p&lt;0.05) immune-expression of COX-2 at 14 d and TNF-\u03b1 at 35 d in the duodenum.Conclusion: Association between calcium butyrate and tannin extract resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of diarrhea and inflammatory process in the duodenum of piglets. Therefore, calcium-butyrate combined with tannin could be a part of an alternative program to reduce the use of antimicrobials in the diet of weaned piglets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.21.0011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T07:54:16Z","timestamp":1624434856000},"page":"87-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Simultaneous feeding of calcium butyrate and tannin extract decreased the incidence of diarrhea and proinflammatory markers in weaned piglets"],"prefix":"10.5713","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3602-6790","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Camila  Demarco","family":"Maito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8243-7916","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antonio Diego  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