{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:52:44Z","timestamp":1790106764256,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003711","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["109-2313-B-005-008-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109-2313-B-005-008-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010002","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["animbiosci.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Biosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"Objective: A series of experiment were conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing a part of soybean meal (SBM) at 6% of broiler diets with fermented soybean meal (FSBM) obtained by single or two-stage fermentation by measuring growth performance, antioxidant activity in the jejunum and distal intestinal microflora.Methods: Soybean meal samples were prepared by single-stage fermentation using <i>Bacillus velezensis<\/i> (Bv) (FSBM<sub>B<\/sub>), or <i>Lactobacillus<\/i> spp. (as commercial control) (FSBM<sub>L<\/sub>). Additional SBM sample was prepared by two-stage fermentation using Bv and subsequently using <i>Lactobacillus brevis<\/i> ATCC 367 (Lb) (FSBM<sub>B+L<\/sub>). Enzyme activity, chemical composition, trichloroethanoic acid-nitrogen solubility index (TCA-NSI) and antioxidant activity were measured. Then, in an <i>in vivo<\/i> study, 320 Ross308 broilers were divided into four groups with <i>ad libitum<\/i> supply of feed and water. Four groups were fed either a corn-soybean meal diet (SBM), or one of fermented SBM diets (FSBM<sub>B+L<\/sub>, FSBM<sub>B<\/sub>, and FSBM<sub>L<\/sub>). Growth, serum characteristics, microflora, and the mRNA expression of selected genes were measured.Results: Compared to SBM, FSBM<sub>B+L<\/sub> contained lower galacto-oligosaccharide, allergic protein, and trypsin inhibitor, and higher TCA-NSI by about three times (p<0.05). Reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging ability correlated positively with the TCA-NSI content in FSBM. Growth performances were not significantly different among four groups. In jejunum of 35-day-old broilers, partial replacement of SBM by FSBM<sub>B+L<\/sub> increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase (<i>CAT<\/i>), and the FSBM<sub>B<\/sub> group had the highest catalase activity (p<0.05). Partial replacement of SBM by FSBM increased relative mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (<i>Nrf2<\/i>), heme oxygenase-1 (<i>HO-1<\/i>), and peptide transporter 1 (<i>PepT1<\/i>) (p<0.05); however, FSBM<sub>B+L<\/sub> increased <i>CAT<\/i> mRNA level to 5 times of the control (p<0.05).Conclusion: Using Bv- and Lb-processed SBM through two-stage fermentation to partially replace 6% of diets will improve the gut's antioxidant activity under commercial breeding in broilers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.21.0529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T06:45:47Z","timestamp":1651214747000},"page":"1892-1903","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effects of fermented soybean meal with Bacillus velezensis, Lactobacillus spp. or their combination on broiler performance, gut antioxidant activity and microflora"],"prefix":"10.5713","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6883-6080","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"C. 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