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Subsequently, they were divided into 3 treatments consisting of 8 replicates with 20 birds per replicate, i.e., i) low-level wheat addition group, with wheat ratios of 15% and 25% during the grower and finisher periods, respectively; ii) medium-level wheat inclusion group, incorporating 30% and 40% wheat in the grower and finisher diets, respectively; and iii) high-level wheat addition group, containing 55.8% and 62.4% wheat in the grower and finisher diets, until d 39.Results: When compared to the low- and medium-level wheat diet, the high-level wheat inclusion in the diet increased feed intake and reduced the feed conversion ratio (both p&lt;0.01), which was accompanied by a longer jejunum (p = 0.031). Meanwhile, the high-level addition of wheat displayed a decreased abundance of Ruminococcin, Bacteroidetes, and Lactobacillus than the low-wheat group. With the increase of the proportion of wheat treatment, the contents of cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were elevated in serum, whereas the concentration of serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen, a bone resorption marker, was decreased. In addition, the diet with medium and high levels of wheat improved the yield load of tibia, along with comparable bone dimension and weight.Conclusion: The medium- and high-level wheat additions increased serum glycolipid deposition and enhanced tibial mechanical properties, whereas the high-level wheat diet compromised the growth performance of broiler chickens, which might be associated with the alteration of gut microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.24.0256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T01:24:06Z","timestamp":1724635446000},"page":"1015-1028","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Alteration of growth performance, glycolipid metabolism, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens in response to different inclusion levels of dietary 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