{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:53:49Z","timestamp":1790906029480,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Graduate Innovation Program of Tarim University in China","award":["TDGRI2024033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TDGRI2024033"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05202v862","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Graduate Innovation Program of Tarim University in China","award":["TDBSCX202417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TDBSCX202417"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05202v862","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Establishment and Demonstration Promotion of High-Efficiency Cattle Breeding System","award":["2023A02011-1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A02011-1-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["animbiosci.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Biosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Semen quality plays a crucial role in embryo formation in cattle. This study aims to compare the effects of 0\u00b0C refrigerated semen and liquid nitrogen-frozen semen on the quality of in vitro fertilized embryos in Simmental cattle.Methods: Semen from six bulls was devidedt equally into two groups. One was diluted with cold storage solution and stored at 0\u00b0C for 72 h; the other with cryopreservation solution and preserved in liquid nitrogen for 72 h. Post-storage, sperm quality (motility, progressive motility via computer-assisted sperm analysis, and acrosome\/plasma membrane integrity) was assessed, along with malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate, and mitochondrial membrane potential levels. For in vitro fertilisation (IVF), oocytes from Simmental cows (&gt;50 per group) were inseminated with the two semen groups. At 45 h post-IVF, embryo cleavage rate was recorded; on day 8, blastocyst rate was determined. Embryos then underwent BrdU staining (proliferation) and TUNEL staining (apoptosis), with proliferation and apoptosis levels quantified via marker genes.Results: The results showed that compared with liquid nitrogen-frozen semen, 0\u00b0C refrigerated semen exhibited significantly higher sperm motility, forward motility rate, acrosome integrity, and plasma membrane integrity (p&lt;0.05). in vitro fertilized embryos also exhibited significant increases in quality and quantity (cleavage rate and blastocyst rate) (p&lt;0.05), and embryos derived from 0\u00b0C refrigerated semen contained significantly more proliferating cells (p&lt;0.05) and fewer apoptotic cells (p&lt;0.05) than those from frozen semen.Conclusion: These findings suggest that 0\u00b0C refrigerated semen is superior to liquid nitrogen frozen semen in terms of sperm quality parameters and in vitro embryo development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.250410","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T04:52:01Z","timestamp":1764046321000},"page":"250410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of semen preservation methods and in vitro fertilisation embryo quality in Simmental cattle"],"prefix":"10.5713","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2792-7772","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kai","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2611-0617","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 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