{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:38:55Z","timestamp":1792633135845,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["animbiosci.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim Biosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging transboundary viral disease that leads to substantial economic losses in cattle production worldwide. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, risk factors, and spatial\u2013temporal patterns through molecular detection of LSD virus among cattle in northern Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2023 to August 2025 across 10 districts involving 8,650 cattle from 1,200 households. Clinical examination, questionnaire-based epidemiological investigation, spatial mapping, and polymerase chain reaction targeting the P32 and thymidine kinase genes were performed.Results: The prevalence of LSD was 30.15% (2,608\/8,650; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 29.2\u201331.1), while the mortality and case fatality rates were 3.02% and 10.01%, respectively. Marked geographical and seasonal variations were observed, with the highest prevalence recorded in Thakurgaon (33.92%) and during the rainy season (44.56%). Calves less than one year had the highest prevalence (37.39%) and had an infection susceptibility about double that of older cattle (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.82\u20132.29). Unvaccinated cattle showed markedly higher prevalence (36.45%) of LSD. Multivariable logistic regression identified non-vaccination (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 14.3; 95% CI: 9.63\u201321.7), poor biosecurity (AOR = 5.18; 95% CI: 3.37\u20138.08), and large herd size (AOR = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.87\u20134.22) as major independent predictors of LSD prevalence.Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that LSD is widely distributed and strongly influenced by management, environmental, and host-related factors in northern Bangladesh. Strengthening vaccination coverage, farm biosecurity protocols, vector management strategies, and targeted surveillance systems may substantially reduce the burden of LSD in cattle populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5713\/ab.260493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:45:27Z","timestamp":1789537527000},"page":"260493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology, risk factors, and spatio-temporal distribution of lumpy skin disease in cattle in northern Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.5713","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4820-8639","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md. Shajedur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0138-4523","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md. Khaled","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5439-1412","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jahangir","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7989-8850","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nazmi Ara","family":"Rumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0338-7031","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md. Tanvir","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Lewyt College of Veterinary Medicine, Brookville, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3815-5679","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md. Hasan","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3460-2017","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shihab","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Reference Laboratory (Research), Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9785-2549","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hemayet","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Histology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Teesta University, Rangpur, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-0075","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jong-Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5158-4558","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Md Azizul","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Health Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Frontier University, Garowe Campus, Puntland, Somalia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3683","container-title":["Animal Bioscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/animbiosci.org\/upload\/pdf\/ab-260493.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/animbiosci.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5713\/ab.260493","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/animbiosci.org\/upload\/pdf\/ab-260493.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:47:19Z","timestamp":1792630039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/animbiosci.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.5713\/ab.260493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/ab.260493","relation":{},"ISSN":["2765-0189","2765-0235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2765-0189","type":"print"},{"value":"2765-0235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-11-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}