{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:21:32Z","timestamp":1772551292394,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003627","name":"Rural Development Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJ 01094404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJ 01094404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajas.info"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian-Australas J Anim Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate the pancreatic differentiation potential of \u03b1-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GalTKO) pig-derived bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) using epigenetic modifiers with different pancreatic induction media.Methods: The BM-MSCs have been differentiated into pancreatic \u03b2-like cells by inducing the overexpression of key transcription regulatory factors or by exposure to specific soluble inducers\/small molecules. In this study, we evaluated the pancreatic differentiation of GalTKO pig-derived BM-MSCs using epigenetic modifiers, 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) and valproic acid (VPA), and two types of pancreatic induction media \u2013 advanced Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (ADMEM)-based and N2B27-based media. GalTKO BM-MSCs were treated with pancreatic induction media and the expression of pancreas-islets-specific markers was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Morphological changes and changes in the 5'-C-phosphate-G-3' (CpG) island methylation patterns were also evaluated.Results: The expression of the pluripotent marker (POU class 5 homeobox 1 [OCT4]) was upregulated upon exposure to 5-Aza and\/or VPA. GalTKO BM-MSCs showed increased expression of neurogenic differentiation 1 in the ADMEM-based (5-Aza) media, while the expression of NK6 homeobox 1 was elevated in cells induced with the N2B27-based (5-Aza) media. Moreover, the morphological transition and formation of islets-like cellular clusters were also prominent in the cells induced with the N2B27-based media with 5-Aza. The higher insulin expression revealed the augmented trans-differentiation ability of GalTKO BM-MSCs into pancreatic \u03b2-like cells in the N2B27-based media than in the ADMEM-based media.Conclusion: 5-Aza treated GalTKO BM-MSCs showed an enhanced demethylation pattern in the second CpG island of the OCT4 promoter region compared to that in the GalTKO BM-MSCs. The exposure of GalTKO pig-derived BM-MSCs to the N2B27-based microenvironment can significantly enhance their trans-differentiation ability into pancreatic \u03b2-like cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.19.0796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T12:29:13Z","timestamp":1582633753000},"page":"1837-1847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5713\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Transdifferentiation of \u03b1-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout pig bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic \u03b2-like cells by microenvironment 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