{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:25:38Z","timestamp":1790821538315,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Becaris Publishing Limited","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Comp. Eff. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies and fumarates are common multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Data on switching from anti-CD20s to other DMTs are limited. This retrospective, observational study of the US Komodo Health Sentinel claims database aimed to evaluate a de-escalation strategy in a real-world cohort, comparing clinical characteristics, relapses, healthcare encounters (HCEs) and healthcare costs (HCCs) between patients aged \u226518\u00a0years with stable MS who switched from anti-CD20s to fumarates (\u2018Switchers\u2019) versus patients who stayed on anti-CD20s (\u2018Stayers\u2019).\n                    <jats:bold>Materials &amp; methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Patients with MS (diagnosed 1 January 2015\u201331 August 2022) were propensity score matched 5:1 (Stayers:Switchers) and followed from index to end of study; end of insurance eligibility; &gt;45-day gap in index DMT; or DMT switch. Primary outcomes were clinical characteristics and claims-based annualized relapse rate (ARR). Rates of HCEs and HCCs were estimated.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Baseline characteristics were well balanced between cohorts (Stayers, n\u00a0=\u00a0540; Switchers, n\u00a0=\u00a0108). Mean (SD) duration of post-index follow-up was 341.4 (250.0) days for both cohorts. Mean (SD) ARR was 0.08 (0.41; Stayers) versus 0.14 (0.5; Switchers; p\u00a0=\u00a00.3). Twenty-one Stayers (3.9%) and 1 Switcher (0.9%) were hospitalized for infections, with mean stays of 9.9 and 1\u00a0day, respectively. Mean annualized all-cause HCEs were similar between cohorts; annualized inpatient infection-related HCEs were higher for Stayers versus Switchers (mean difference: -0.05; p\u00a0=\u00a00.005). Annualized all-cause HCCs were similar between cohorts; Switchers had lower annualized infection-related HCCs overall (mean difference: -$2412; p\u00a0=\u00a00.002) and in the inpatient setting (mean difference: -$2325; p\u00a0=\u00a00.002).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    After 1\u00a0year, no significant differences in ARR emerged between cohorts. Switchers experienced lower inpatient infection-related HCEs, shorter inpatient infection-related hospital stays and lower overall infection-related HCCs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.57264\/cer-2024-0071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T06:54:56Z","timestamp":1739343296000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients treated with anti-CD20s who switched to fumarates: a retrospective analysis of a US healthcare claims database"],"prefix":"10.57264","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3174-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliza B","family":"Ben-Zacharia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunter College, Bellevue School of Nursing, NY 10010, USA"},{"name":"Phillips School of Nursing at Mount Sinai, NY 10035, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3700-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny J","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5319-5129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon P","family":"Moss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Belviso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Yu Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly: Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipe","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly: Biogen, Baar, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2526-5542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason P","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2352-9113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James B","family":"Lewin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0232-278X","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Sarah M England","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"36897","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_9_3_2","unstructured":"Multiple Sclerosis Coalition. 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