{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:22:05Z","timestamp":1788355325778,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Becaris Publishing Limited","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Comp. Eff. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold>\n                    While only recently approved for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), many patients with MASH have taken glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for the treatment of comorbid Type 2 diabetes (T2D) or obesity. This real-world study evaluated treatment patterns, weight loss, healthcare resource utilization, and costs among patients with MASH who initiated GLP-1 RAs.\n                    <jats:bold>Materials &amp; methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In a linked electronic health records (Veradigm Network EHR) and claims (Komodo Health) dataset, we identified adults (\u226518\u00a0years old) with a MASH diagnosis who initiated GLP-1 RA treatment (1 July 2018 to 30 April 2023; index date\u00a0=\u00a0date of the first GLP-1 RA claim). Patients with other causes of liver disease or severe complications from MASH were excluded. We required \u226512\u00a0months of continuous enrollment pre- (baseline) and post-index (follow-up). Patients were stratified into high and low-dose subgroups. We also identified a comparator cohort of patients who initiated a different class of T2D medication (DPP4, SGLT2, or sulfonylurea) during the same time period. We captured patient characteristics, change in BMI, GLP-1 RA treatment patterns, liver-related events, healthcare utilization, and costs.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We identified 10,316 patients with MASH who initiated a GLP-1 RA (high dose: 2043 [19.8%]; low dose: 8273 [80.2%]) and 2915 who initiated a non-GLP-1 RA T2D medication. GLP-1 RA users were 52.7\u00a0years old and 64.3% female. A 5.8% decrease in the percentage of patients with class III obesity was observed among GLP-1 RA users (10.7% among high-dose users; 0.8% among non-users). Overall, 56.1% of GLP-1 RA users discontinued during the 12-month follow-up. Total costs among GLP-1 RA users and non users were $20,912 and $19,019 in the baseline period and $27,586 and $24,917 in the follow-up period, respectively. Medical costs among GLP-1 RA users were $16,293 (baseline) and $16,886 (follow-up). Results were similar for high and low-dose subgroups.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Although some patients with MASH on GLP-1 RAs, particularly those taking higher dosages, may achieve weight loss, outcomes remain suboptimal with frequent discontinuation and high healthcare costs. Real-world GLP-1 RA utilization may be insufficient for resolving chronic metabolic issues, including MASH.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.57264\/cer-2024-0223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,6]],"date-time":"2025-10-06T08:15:27Z","timestamp":1759738527000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Healthcare costs and treatment patterns associated with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist use among patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis"],"prefix":"10.57264","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0839-1515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elliot B","family":"Tapper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veradigm, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2368-5279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ni","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veradigm, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veradigm, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6412-4139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessamine P","family":"Winer-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veradigm, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6330-6718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Machaon","family":"Bonafede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veradigm, Chicago, IL 60654, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0263-9384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yestle","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Inc., West Conshohocken, PA 19428, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"36897","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000520","article-title":"A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature","volume":"78","author":"Rinella ME","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature. 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