{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:12:56Z","timestamp":1779286376794,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Becaris Publishing Limited","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Comp. Eff. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There are limited studies of antiretroviral therapy persistence among people with HIV (PWH) who have a mental health disorder and\/or substance use disorder (MHD\/SUD). This real-world study analyzed persistence among treatment-experienced PWH who had an MHD\/SUD or suboptimal adherence (proportion of days covered [PDC] &lt;\u00a085%).\n                    <jats:bold>Materials &amp; methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In this retrospective cohort study of claims from the Optum Research Database, nonpersistence (i.e., discontinuation, switch, add-on\u00a0or death) was assessed in treatment-experienced PWH who switched to or restarted an antiretroviral therapy regimen of interest (i.e., bictegravir [B]\/emtricitabine [F]\/tenofovir alafenamide [TAF], dolutegravir [DTG]\/lamivudine [3TC], DTG\/abacavir [ABC]\/3TC, DTG\u00a0+\u00a0F\/TAF, DTG\u00a0+\u00a0F\/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [TDF]\u00a0or cabotegravir\u00a0+\u00a0rilpivirine) from 1 July\u00a02017 to 30 November 2023. Baseline characteristics across regimens were balanced by inverse probability treatment weighting. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis was conducted on weighted data to examine regimen persistence at 12\u00a0months. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards models assessed nonpersistence throughout follow-up.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Overall, 14,826 PWH were eligible and treatment experienced; 5310 had an MHD\/SUD and 4090 had PDC &lt;\u00a085% during follow-up. Among treatment-experienced PWH who received B\/F\/TAF, persistence at 12\u00a0months was 80.3% for those with an MHD\/SUD and 78.6% for those with PDC &lt;\u00a085%; this was greater compared with PWH who received DTG\/3TC (76.7% and 70.8%), DTG\/ABC\/3TC (68.9% and 66.3%), DTG\u00a0+\u00a0F\/TAF (62.4% and 58.9%)\u00a0and DTG\u00a0+\u00a0F\/TDF (36.7% and 41.9%; all p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Compared with B\/F\/TAF, nonpersistence risk was greater with DTG\/3TC, DTG\/ABC\/3TC, DTG\u00a0+\u00a0F\/TAF\u00a0and DTG\u00a0+\u00a0F\/TDF in the MHD\/SUD (all p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and PDC &lt;\u00a085% (all p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05 except DTG\/3TC) groups.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    These results indicate that B\/F\/TAF may offer greater likelihood of persistence and emphasize the importance of regimen selection to optimize outcomes in treatment-experienced PWH with an MHD\/SUD or suboptimal adherence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.57264\/cer-2025-0124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T15:04:24Z","timestamp":1776956664000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antiretroviral therapy persistence among treatment-experienced people with HIV and mental health disorders and\/or substance use disorders in the USA (2017\u20132024): a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.57264","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3663-9055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uche","family":"Mordi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8769-9931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary J","family":"Christoph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9759-6001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Chastek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optum, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1662-7329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Travis","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9597-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"family":"Neia\u00a0Prata\u00a0Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4148-2962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunil","family":"Majethia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa B","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optum, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Health Care Analyst, Boston, MA 02108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"36897","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_10_3_2","unstructured":"UNAIDS. 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