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Postoperative atrial fibrillation significantly increases mortality, hospital readmission, and hospital costs. Ann Thorac Surg 2014; 98: 527\u201333; discussion, 533.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.03.039"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Rostagno C, La Meir M, Gelsomino S, et al. Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: incidence, risk factors, and economic burden. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2010; 24: 952\u20138.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2010.03.009"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Pillarisetti J, Patel A, Bommana S, et al. Atrial fibrillation following open heart surgery: long-term incidence and prognosis. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2014; 39: 69\u201375.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10840-013-9830-6"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Yamashita K, Hu N, Ranjan R, et al. Clinical risk factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation among patients after cardiac surgery. 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Preoperative \u03b2-blockers as a coronary surgery quality metric: the lack of evidence of efficacy. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 109: 1150\u20138.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.07.056"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Arsenault KA, Yusuf AM, Crystal E, et al. Interventions for preventing post operative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing heart surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 2013: CD003611.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003611.pub3"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Brinkman W, Herbert MA, O\u2019Brien S, et al. Preoperative beta-blocker use in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: national database analysis. JAMA Intern Med 2014; 174: 1320\u20137.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.2356"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Kohsaka S, Miyata H, Motomura N, et al. Effects of preoperative beta blocker use on clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting: a report from the Japanese Cardiovascular Surgery Database. Anesthesiology 2016; 124: 45\u201355.","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000901"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Roscoe A, Ahmed AB. A survey of peri-operative use of magnesium sulphate in adult cardiac surgery in the UK. Anaesthesia 2003; 58: 363\u20135.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2003.03082_1.x"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12) Miller S, Crystal E, Garfinkle M, et al. Effects of magnesium on atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Heart 2005; 91: 618\u201323.","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2004.033811"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Rostron A, Sanni A, Dunning J. Does magnesium prophylaxis reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation following coronary bypass surgery? 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Predictors of conversion of atrial fibrillation after cardiac operation in the absence of class I or III antiarrhythmic medications. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 72: 694\u20137; discussion 697-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)02817-X"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Raiten JM, Ghadimi K, Augoustides JG, et al. Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: clinical update on mechanisms and prophylactic strategies. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2015; 29: 806\u201316.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2015.01.001"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) Polderman KH, Girbes AR. Severe electrolyte disorders following cardiac surgery: a prospective controlled observational study. Crit Care 2004; 8: R459\u201366.","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2973"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Zaman AG, Alamgir F, Richens T, et al. The role of signal averaged P wave duration and serum magnesium as a combined predictor of atrial fibrillation after elective coronary artery bypass surgery. Heart 1997; 77: 527\u201331.","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.77.6.527"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Fairley JL, Zhang L, Glassford NJ, et al. Magnesium status and magnesium therapy in cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on arrhythmia prevention. J Crit Care 2017; 42: 69\u201377.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.05.038"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Cook RC, Yamashita MH, Kearns M, et al. Prophylactic magnesium does not prevent atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 2013; 95: 533\u201341.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.09.008"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Lancaster TS, Schill MR, Greenberg JW, et al. 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