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Rib fracture. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK541020\/."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Martens S, Ricci M. Clinical outcome of non-operative management of isolated rib fractures. Natl J Clin Orthop 2025; 9: 10\u20132.","DOI":"10.33545\/orthor.2025.v9.i4.A.491"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Figueroa JF, Fortich S. Rib fractures and surgical stabilization: a narrative review of contemporary management and outcomes. Trauma Care 2025; 5: 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/traumacare5030019"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Hemati K, Gray AT, Agrawal A. A comprehensive review of the non-operative management of traumatic rib fractures. Curr Anesthesiol Rep 2024; 14: 567\u201375.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40140-024-00645-w"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Stopenski S, Binkley J, Schubl SD, et al. Rib fracture management: a review of surgical stabilization, regional analgesia, and intercostal nerve cryoablation. Surg Pract Sci 2022; 10: 100089.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sipas.2022.100089"},{"key":"6","unstructured":"6) Paulsen F, Waschke J. Sobotta Atlas of Human Anatomy. 15th ed. Munich: Elsevier; 2011."},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7) Lee DG. Biomechanics of the thorax-research evidence and clinical expertise. J Man Manip Ther 2015; 23: 128\u201338.","DOI":"10.1179\/2042618615Y.0000000008"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Ayd\u0131n S, Ayd\u0131n SK, G\u00fclmez B, et al. Rib fracture characteristics increasing the risk of hemothorax: a multicenter study. Sci Rep 2024; 14: 29827.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-79548-z"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Cao H, Chen Q, Ding Y, et al. Research on the correlation between rib fracture characteristics and the risk of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries. Chin J Traumatol 2025; 28: 509\u201312.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2025.04.002"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10) Kim W, Song J, Moon S, et al. Characteristics of rib fracture patients who require chest computed tomography in the emergency department. BMC Emerg Med 2023; 23: 33.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-023-00807-9"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Sermonesi G, Bertelli R, Pieracci FM, et al. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF): the WSES and CWIS position paper. World J Emerg Surg 2024; 19: 33.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-024-00559-2"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12) Shiroff AM, Keating J, Milanez de Campos JR, et al. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures: indications, techniques, and pitfalls. J Cardiothorac Trauma 2019; 4: 41\u20137.","DOI":"10.4103\/jctt.jctt_19_19"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13) Coccolini F, Cremonini C, Moore EE, et al. Thoracic trauma WSES-AAST guidelines. World J Emerg Surg 2025; 20: 78.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-025-00651-1"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) Fokin AA, Hus N, Wycech J, et al. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures: indications, techniques, and pitfalls. JBJS Essent Surg Tech 2020; 10: e0032.","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.ST.19.00032"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Liebsch C, Seiffert T, Vlcek M, et al. Patterns of serial rib fractures after blunt chest trauma: An analysis of 380 cases. PLoS One 2019; 14: e0224105.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224105"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Bauman ZM, Tian Y, Doben AR, et al. Chest Wall Injury Society guidelines for surgical stabilization of rib fractures: Indications, contraindications, and timing. 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Comprehensive approach to the management of the patient with multiple rib fractures: a review and introduction of a bundled rib fracture management protocol. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2017; 2: e000064.","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2016-000064"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Harrold ME, Salisbury LG, Webb SA, et al. Early mobilisation in intensive care units in Australia and Scotland: a prospective, observational cohort study examining mobilisation practises and barriers. Crit Care 2015; 19: 336.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1033-3"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) Sum SK, Peng Y, Yin S, et al. Using an incentive spirometer reduces pulmonary complications in patients with traumatic rib fractures: a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20: 797.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-3943-x"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Rajandekar T, Kachhwaha R, Simon S, et al. Effect of TENS on post-operative sternal pain (post cardiac surgery): a narrative review. RGUHS J Physiother 2021; 1: 1\u20138.","DOI":"10.26463\/rjpt.1_3_3"},{"key":"27","unstructured":"27) Sclafani MP, Amin NH, Delehanty E, et al. Rehabilitation following an acute traumatic first rib fracture in a collegiate football player: a case report and literature review. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2014; 9: 1021\u20139."},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) Sun DW, Zhai HX, Zhi JH, et al. Comparative efficacy of tunnel minimally invasive technique versus traditional open reduction and internal fixation for rib fractures. Eur J Med Res 2025; 30: 603.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-02864-1"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Qian G, Mao Y, He J, et al. Outcomes of internal rib fixation through complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for multiple rib fractures and flail chest in severe chest trauma. 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