{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T20:00:37Z","timestamp":1762027237381,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"California Digital Library (CDL)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]],"date-time":"2020-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603152000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Silicone has been commonly used for both major and minor plastic and reconstructive surgery for decades. Due to the high costs associated with minor cosmetic procedures and plastic surgery, the unauthorized use of silicone injections by laypersons has become increasingly common. Improper or illegal subcutaneous injectable silicone has caused significant pulmonary complications and neurological complications, which can range from mild chest pain, hypoxia, and respiratory failure to coma and altered mental status. \n\nCase Report: We present a patient who had a rare complication of respiratory failure secondary to silicone embolism syndrome (SES). SES is a rare, potentially deadly complication and has been associated with subcutaneous silicone injections. The diagnosis of SES can be challenging and requires a thorough patient history indicating recent cosmetic procedures. \n\nConclusion: This case describes the first case of SES of a male patient who presented to a community emergency department complaining of dyspnea after an episode of self-administered injectable silicone into his penis and scrotum and who developed SES-induced respiratory failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5811\/cpcem.2020.9.48838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T18:31:50Z","timestamp":1605637910000},"page":"595-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u201cBotched\u201d: A Case Report of Silicone Embolism Syndrome After Penile and Scrotal Injection"],"prefix":"10.5811","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Anantha","family":"Singarajah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lincoln Memorial University \u2013 DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Harrogate, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desert Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palm Springs, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Sayegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Alamitos Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Los Alamitos, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Vilke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faith","family":"Quenzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego, Department of Emergency Medicine, San Diego, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"29705","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ashley FL, Braley S, Rees TD, et al. The present status of silicone fluid in soft tissue augmentation.\u00a0Plast Reconstr Surg. 1967;39(4):411-20.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196704000-00012"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lyapichev K, Chinea FM, Poveda J, et al. Pulmonary empty spaces: silicone embolism-a decade of increased incidence and its histological diagnosis.\u00a0Case Rep Pathol. 2016;2016:3741291.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3741291"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bartsich S and Wu JK. Silicone emboli syndrome: a sequela of clandestine liquid silicone injections. A case report and review of the literature. J Plastic, Reconstruct Aesthetic Surg. 2010;63(1): e1-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.04.004"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Celli B, Textor S, Kovnat DM. Adult respiratory distress syndrome following mammary augmentation.\u00a0Am J Med Sci. 1978;275(1):81-5.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-197801000-00009"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mendonca D, Leitao, DS, Friend R, et al. An unusual case of pulmonary embolism. Respir Care. 2012;57(8):1345-7.","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01555"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schmid A, Krieger B, Tzur A, et al. Silicone embolism syndrome: a case report, review of the literature, and comparison with fat embolism syndrome.\u00a0Chest. 2005;127(6);2276-81.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.6.2276"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Adegunsoye AO, Matchett S, Valentino DJ. A 20-year-old woman with rapidly progressive dyspnea and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates.\u00a0Respir Med Case Rep.\u00a02012;5(1):34\u20136.\u00a0","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmedc.2011.10.004"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rees TD, Platt J, Ballantyne DL Jr. An investigation of cutaneous response to dimethylpolysiloxane (silicone liquid) in animals and humans--a preliminary report.\u00a0Plast Reconstr Surg. 1965;35:131-9.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196502000-00002"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Restrepo CS, Artundauaga M, Carrillo JA, et al. Silicone pulmonary embolism: report of 10 cases and review of literature. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2009;33(2):233-7.","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e31817ecb4e"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chastre J, Basset F, Viau F, et al. Acute pneumonitis after subcutaneous injections of silicone in transsexual men. N Engl J Med.\u00a01983;308(13):764-7.","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm198303313081307"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Parikh R, Karim K, Parikh N, et al. Acute pneumonitis and alveolar hemorrhage after subcutaneous injection of liquid silicone.\u00a0Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2008;38(4):380\u20135.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.134.4_meetingabstracts.c43002"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Trujillo T, Arias L, Jaramillo LF, et al. Silicone embolism syndrome: a case series. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195:A5564."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Essenmacher AC and Astani SA. Respiratory disease following illicit injection of silicone: a case report.\u00a0Case Rep Med. 2013;2013:743842.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/743842"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Price\u00a0EA,\u00a0Schueler H, Perper JA. Massive systemic silicone embolism: a case report and review of literature. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2006;27(2):97-102.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.paf.0000188072.04746.d5"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Goldblum RM, Pelley RP, O\u2019Donell AA, et al. Antibodies to silicone elastomers and reactions to ventriculoperitoneal shunts [published correction appears in Lancet 1992 Sep 26;340(8822):800].\u00a0Lancet. 1992;340(8818):510-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91710-p"}],"container-title":["Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T20:31:56Z","timestamp":1605817916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/7bh2p1nd"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]},"references-count":15,"issue-title":["Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/cpcem.2020.9.48838","relation":{},"ISSN":["2474-252X","2474-252X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2474-252X"},{"type":"print","value":"2474-252X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,20]]}}}