{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T01:13:10Z","timestamp":1778893990243,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"California Digital Library (CDL)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"abstract":"<p>Introduction: Optimizing the performance of emergency department (ED) teams impacts patient care, but the utility of current, team-based performance assessment tools to comprehensively measure this impact is underexplored. In this study we aimed to 1) evaluate ED team performance using current team-based assessment tools during an interprofessional in situ simulation and 2) identify characteristics of effective ED teams. Methods: This mixed-methods study employed case study methodology based on a constructivist paradigm. Sixty-three eligible nurses, technicians, pharmacists, and postgraduate year 2\u20134 emergency medicine residents at a tertiary academic ED participated in a 10-minute in situ simulation of a critically ill patient. Participants self-rated performance using the Team Performance Observation Tool (TPOT) 2.0 and completed a brief demographic form. Two raters independently reviewed simulation videos and rated performance using the TPOT 2.0, Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM), and Ottawa Crisis Resource Management Global Rating Scale (Ottawa GRS). Following simulations, we conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with in situ participants. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Eighteen team-based simulations took place between January\u2013April 2021. Raters\u2019 scores were on the upper end of the tools for the TPOT 2.0 (R1 4.90, SD 0.17; R2 4.53, SD 0.27, IRR [inter-rater reliability] 0.47), TEAM (R1 3.89, SD 0.19; R2 3.58, SD 0.39, IRR 0.73), and Ottawa GRS (R1 6.6, SD 0.56; R2 6.2, SD 0.54, IRR 0.68). We identi\ufb01ed six themes from our interview data: team member entrustment; interdependent energy; leadership tone; optimal communication; strategic staf\ufb01ng; and simulation empowering team performance. Conclusion: Current team performance assessment tools insuf\ufb01ciently discriminate among high performing teams in the ED. Emergency department-speci\ufb01c assessments that capture features of entrustability, interdependent energy, and leadership tone may offer a more comprehensive way to assess an individual\u2019s contribution to a team\u2019s performance.<\/p>","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.18012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T19:33:48Z","timestamp":1721072028000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessing Team Performance: A Mixed-Methods Analysis Using Interprofessional in situ Simulation"],"prefix":"10.5811","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ashley C.","family":"Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivien","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Rebagliati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Schertzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Gisondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanie S.","family":"Sebok-Syer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"29705","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"container-title":["Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T19:33:56Z","timestamp":1721072036000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/8j52388r"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/westjem.18012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-9018"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-9018","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]]}}}