{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T06:57:53Z","timestamp":1782802673151,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Western Journal of Emergency Medicine","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626652800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WestJEM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Nearly 14% of US adults currently smoke cigarettes. Cigarette smoking causes more than 480,000 deaths each year in the United States. Emergency department (ED) patients are frequently asked for their use of tobacco. Manual selection of pre-formed discharge instructions is the norm for most ED. Providing tobacco cessation discharge instructions to ED patients presents another avenue to combat the tobacco use epidemic we face. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an automated discharge instruction system in increasing the frequency of discharging current tobacco users with instructions for tobacco cessation.\n\nMethods: The study was done at an urban academic tertiary care center. A before and after study was used to test the hypothesis that use of an automated discharged instruction system would increase the frequency that patients who use tobacco were discharged with tobacco cessation instructions. Patients that were admitted, left against medical advice, eloped or left without being seen were excluded. The before phase was from 09\/21\/14-10\/21\/14 and the after phase was from the same dates one year later, 09\/21\/15-10\/21\/15. This was done to account for confounding by time of year, ED volume and other factors. A Fisher\u2019s Exact Test was calculated to compare these two groups.\n\nResults: Tobacco cessation DC instructions were received 2\/486 (0.4%) of tobacco users in the pre-implementation period compared to 357\/371 (96%) in the post-implementation period (p &lt; 0.05). \n\nConclusions: The automated discharge instructions system increases the proportion of tobacco users who receive cessation instructions. Given the public health ramifications of tobacco use, this could prove to be a significant piece in decreasing tobacco use in patients who go to the emergency department.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2021.2.49489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,25]],"date-time":"2021-07-25T18:33:53Z","timestamp":1627238033000},"page":"1010-1013","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Automated Tobacco Cessation Intervention for Emergency Department Discharged Patients"],"prefix":"10.5811","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine,  Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Lavoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Arizona Healthcare, Department, Flagstaff, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Nathanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine,  Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine,  Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3840","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2014). The Health Consequences of Smoking\u201450 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease and Control (US).","DOI":"10.1111\/dar.12309"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cornelius ME, Wang TW, Jamal A, et al. Tobacco Product Use Among Adults \u2013 United States, 2019. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(46):1736\u201342.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6946a4"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Johnson JA, Woychek A, Vaughan D, et al. Screening for At-Risk Alcohol Use and Drug Use in an Emergency Department: Integration of Screening Questions Into Electronic Triage Forms Achieves High Screening Rates. Ann Emerg Med. 2013;62(3):262-6.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2013.04.011"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bock BC, Becker B, Monteiro R, et al. Physician Intervention and Patient Risk Perception among Smokers with Acute Respiratory Illness in the Emergency Department. Prev Med. 2001;32(2):175-81.","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.2000.0799"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boudreaux ED, Baumann BM, Camargo Jr. CA, et al. Changes in smoking associated with an acute health event: Theoretical and practical implications. Ann Behav Med. 2007;33(2):189-99.","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02879900"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boudreaux ED, Kim S, Hohrmann JL, et al. CA. Interest in Smoking Cessation Among Emergency Department Patients. Health Psychol. 2005;24:220-4.","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.24.2.220"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Prochazka A, Koziol-McLain J, Tomlinson D, et al. Smoking Cessation Counseling by Emergency Physicians: Opinions, Knowledge, and Training Needs. Acad Emerg Med. 1995;2:211\u20136.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03201.x"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Voke NI, Bailey JM, Rhodes KV. \u201cShould I Give You My Smoking Lecture Now or Later?\u201d Characterizing Emergency Physician Smoking Discussions and Cessation Counseling. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;48(4):406-14.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.03.037"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chang HC, Zimmerman LH, Beck JM. Impact of chart reminders on smoking cessation practices of pulmonary physicians. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152(3):984-7.","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.152.3.7663814"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Livingstone-Banks J, Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez-Mena JM, Hartmann-Boyce J. Print-based self-help interventions for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;1(1):CD001118.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd001118.pub4"}],"container-title":["Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,25]],"date-time":"2021-07-25T18:34:00Z","timestamp":1627238040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/1jf9s98z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/westjem.2021.2.49489","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-900X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-900X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]}}}