{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:57:11Z","timestamp":1790539031434,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"California Digital Library (CDL)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"abstract":"<p>Introduction: Healthcare is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, with emergency departments being among the most resource-intensive settings. Despite increasing awareness of climate change and its health implications, structured sustainability education remains lacking in emergency medicine graduate medical education training. We evaluated the impact of a brief, educational intervention on emergency medicine (EM) residents\u2019 knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported behaviors related to sustainability. Methods: We conducted a prospective pre\/post interventional study at two community-based EM residency programs. Emergency medicine residents completed a baseline survey assessing sustainability-related knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported behaviors, followed by a video on sustainable clinical practice and a peer-reviewed paper on the environmental impact of inhalers. Immediate postcourse and one-month follow-up surveys were administered to evaluate short- and intermediate-term changes. Our primary outcome measure was change in sustainability-related knowledge scores. Secondary outcomes included changes in attitudes toward sustainability and self-reported sustainability-related clinical behaviors. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t tests and repeated-measures analysis of variance, as appropriate. Results: Of 41 eligible EM residents across two residency programs, 34 completed the baseline survey (82.9%), 28 completed the immediate post-intervention survey (68.3%), and 30 completed the one-month follow-up survey (73.2%). Knowledge scores at baseline were 55.0% and increased to 68.0% immediately after the intervention (P &amp;lt; .001). At one month, knowledge scores remained higher than baseline (65.0%) (P = .003). Attitudes improved significantly immediately post-intervention (P = .001), despite already neutral-to-positive baseline levels. Two self-reported behavior items improved at one month: preferential prescribing of dry-powder inhalers, which were described in the educational materials as having less of an environmental impact than aerosolized inhalers (12.0% to 37.0%, P &amp;lt; .050) and self-reported efforts to reduce unnecessary waste (56.0% to 87.0%, P &amp;lt; .050), with overall self-reported behavior change (P = .001). Nebulizer-related prescribing did not significantly change. The open-ended item showed similar thematic patterns at both baseline and after one month, with most residents describing simple waste-reduction actions (eg, minimizing disposables), and no significant shift in qualitative categories. Discussion and Conclusion: A brief, structured sustainability module delivered via a video format was feasible and well-received by EM residents. Preliminary data suggest improvements in knowledge, attitude, and self-reported behaviors, highlighting the potential for scalable sustainability education within graduate medical training. However, these findings should be interpreted in the context of a small sample size and self-reported outcomes.<\/p>","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.56998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T03:36:24Z","timestamp":1786419384000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluating the Impact of a Sustainability Education Intervention on Emergency Medicine Residents"],"prefix":"10.5811","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Atieh D.","family":"Ashkezari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Bogdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"29705","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"container-title":["Western Journal of Emergency Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/escholarship.org\/content\/qt7xv354vb\/qt7xv354vb.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:28:32Z","timestamp":1790537312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/escholarship.org\/uc\/item\/7xv354vb"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/westjem.56998","relation":{},"ISSN":["1936-9018"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1936-9018","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]}}}