{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:09:20Z","timestamp":1787062160022,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Mattioli1885","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Accompanying comorbidities in acne vulgaris (AV) patients affect treatment adherence. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between treatment compliance and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents with AV. Methods: This study included 140 patients with AV. At the beginning of the treatment, each patient's acne severity was assessed, and the Conners-Wells' Adolescent Self-Report Scale-Long Form (CASS-L) was administered. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) was used to assess treatment adherence. The treatment response was assessed using a six-point scale. Results: Significant differences were found in the scores on the 10 subscales of the CASS-L among the 3 groups. The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) scores showed a positive correlation with the scores of the subscales of the CASS-L, with 3 of them at a moderate level and 7 at a weak level. Five MMAS subscales had a weak correlation and 5 had a moderate correlation with the CASS-L subscale scores. The 9 subscales and the treatment response showed a slight negative correlation. Conclusion: ADHD is one of the many psychiatric comorbidities that frequently coexist with acne vulgaris. Its treatment is long-term and achieving a good treatment response relies heavily on patient adherence. Our study, which showed a decrease in acne treatment adherence and response as ADHD symptoms increased, will raise awareness among dermatologists to be more vigilant in their approach to this patient group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T12:44:25Z","timestamp":1738154665000},"page":"4854","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Treatment Adherence in Adolescent Acne Patients: Investigating the Relationship for Better Care Strategies"],"prefix":"10.5826","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Huriye Ayb\u00fcke","family":"Ko\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Prof. Dr. A. Ilhan Ozdemir State Hospital, Giresun, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cansu","family":"Alt\u0131n\u00f6z G\u00fcney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Dinar State Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bedia Sultan","family":"\u00d6nal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases, Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"27750","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Vasam, S. Korutla, and R. A. Bohara, \u2018Acne vulgaris: A review of the pathophysiology, treatment, and recent nanotechnology based advances\u2019, Biochem Biophys Rep, vol. 36, no. September, p. 101578, 2023, doi: 10.1016\/j.bbrep.2023.101578.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2023.101578"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6. Kutlu, A. S. Karada\u011f, and U. Wollina, \u2018Adult acne versus adolescent acne: a narrative review with a focus on epidemiology to treatment\u2019, An Bras Dermatol, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 75\u201383, 2023, doi: 10.1016\/j.abd.2022.01.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2022.01.006"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. A. Gupta, A. K. Gupta, and B. Vujcic, \u2018Increased frequency of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in acne versus dermatologic controls: Analysis of an epidemiologic database from the US\u2019, Journal of Dermatological Treatment, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 115\u2013118, 2014, doi: 10.3109\/09546634.2012.736021.","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2012.736021"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Sood, M. Jafferany, and S. Vinaya kumar, \u2018Depression, psychiatric comorbidities, and psychosocial implications associated with acne vulgaris\u2019, J Cosmet Dermatol, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 3177\u20133182, 2020, doi: 10.1111\/jocd.13753.","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13753"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Turan, I. K. Turan, and \u00d6. \u00d6zba\u011fc\u0131van, \u2018Emotion regulation in adolescents with acne vulgaris: Correlates of medication adherence, clinical dimensions and psychopathology symptoms: A cross-sectional study\u2019, Turkish Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 1012\u20131020, 2020, doi: 10.24953\/turkjped.2020.06.013.","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2020.06.013"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Bilgic, \u2018Activity Disorder Symptoms in a Clinical Sample of Women *\u2019, An Bras Dermatol, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 250\u2013252, 2016.","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20164613"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Lott, S. L. Taylor, J. L. O\u2019Neill, D. P. Krowchuk, and S. R. Feldman, \u2018Medication adherence among acne patients: a review.\u2019, J Cosmet Dermatol, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 160\u2013166, Jun. 2010, doi: 10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2010.00490.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1473-2165.2010.00490.x"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Donnarumma et al., \u2018How to Increase Adherence and Compliance in Acne Treatment? A Combined Strategy of SMS and Visual Instruction Leaflet\u2019, Dermatology, vol. 235, no. 6, pp. 463\u2013470, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1159\/000502575.","DOI":"10.1159\/000502575"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Alghofaili, S. Alolayan, A. Alhowail, M. A. Mobark, S. Alderaibi, and Y. Almogbel, \u2018The effect of depression on treatment adherence among a sample of saudi patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris\u2019, Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol, vol. 14, pp. 1497\u20131506, 2021, doi: 10.2147\/CCID.S335007.","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S335007"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Hayran, P. \u0130ncel Uysal, A. \u00d6ktem, G. G. Aksoy, N. Akdo\u011fan, and B. Yal\u00e7\u0131n, \u2018Factors affecting adherence and patient satisfaction with treatment: a cross-sectional study of 500 patients with acne vulgaris\u2019, Journal of Dermatological Treatment, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 64\u201369, 2021, doi: 10.1080\/09546634.2019.1618434.","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1618434"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Doshi, A. Zaheer, and M. J. Stiller, \u2018A comparison of current acne grading systems and proposal of a novel system\u2019, Int J Dermatol, vol. 36, pp. 416\u2013419, 1997.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.00099.x"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref12","unstructured":"\u00d6. L. Kaner S, B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00f6zt\u00fcrk \u015e, \u0130\u015feri E, Ak A, \u2018ConnersWells Ergen \u00d6z-Bildirim \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi Uzun Formu: T\u00fcrk Ergenlerde Psikometrik \u00d6zelliklerinin De\u011ferlendirilmesi\u2019, Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, vol. 14, pp. 71\u201384, 2011."},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Ramli, A. S. Malik, A. F. M. Hani, and A. Jamil, \u2018Acne analysis, grading and computational assessment methods: An overview\u2019, Skin Research and Technology, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1\u201314, 2012, doi: 10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2011.00542.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0846.2011.00542.x"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. K. O\u01e7uz\u00fclgen, N. K\u00f6kt\u00fcrk, and Z. I\u015fikdo\u01e7an, \u2018Astim ve kronik obstr\u00fcktif akci\u01e7er hastalari{dotless}nda Morisky 8-maddeli ilaca uyum anketinin (MMAS-8) T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ge\u00e7erlili\u01e7inin kani{dotless}tlanmasi{dotless} \u00e7ali{dotless}\u015fmasi{dotless}\u2019, Tuberk Toraks, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 101\u2013107, 2014, doi: 10.5578\/tt.7401.","DOI":"10.5578\/tt.7401"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. V. Reynolds et al., \u2018Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris\u2019, J Am Acad Dermatol, vol. 90, no. 5, pp. 1006.e1-1006.e30, May 2024, doi: 10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.12.017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.12.017"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Salamzadeh, S. Torabi Kachousangi, S. Hamzelou, S. Naderi, and E. Daneshvar, \u2018Medication adherence and its possible associated factors in patients with acne vulgaris: A cross-sectional study of 200 patients in Iran\u2019, Dermatol Ther, vol. 33, no. 6, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1111\/dth.14408.","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.14408"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref17","unstructured":"S. Marahatta and U. Shrestha, \u2018Hospital prevalence and causes of non-adherence to Hospital prevalence and causes of non-adherence to acne treatment: A report from Nepal acne treatment: A report from Nepal\u2019, doi: 10.7241\/ourd.20213.4."},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. A. Safren, P. Duran, I. Yovel, C. A. Perlman, and S. Sprich, \u2018Medication adherence in psychopharmacologically treated adults with ADHD\u2019, J Atten Disord, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 257\u2013260, Feb. 2007, doi: 10.1177\/1087054706292165.","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054706292165"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. A. Kouotou et al., \u2018Level of adherence to acne treatment and associated factors in patients with acne in Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon (sub-Saharan Africa)\u2019, Our Dermatology Online, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 368\u2013374, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.7241\/ourd.20224.5.","DOI":"10.7241\/ourd.20224.5"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. D. G. H. et al. Dreno B, \u2018Large-scale world- 24. wide observational study of adherence with acne therapy\u2019, Int J Dermatol, vol. 49, pp. 448\u2013456, 2010.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04416.x"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. N. F. F. et al. Miyachi Y, \u2018Acne management in Japan: study of patient adherence\u2019, Dermatology, vol. 25, no. 223, pp. 174\u2013181, 2011.","DOI":"10.1159\/000332847"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. M. Tuchayi, T. M. Alexander, A. Nadkarni, and S. R. Feldman, \u2018Interventions to increase adherence to acne treatment\u2019, Oct. 11, 2016, Dove Medical Press Ltd. doi: 10.2147\/PPA.S117437.","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S117437"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Tobiasz, D. Nowicka, and J. C. Szepietowski, \u2018Acne Vulgaris\u2014Novel Treatment Options and Factors Affecting Therapy Adherence: A Narrative Review\u2019, Dec. 01, 2022, MDPI. doi: 10.3390\/jcm11247535.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11247535"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Renzi et al., \u2018Association of Dissatisfaction With Care and Psychiatric Morbidity With Poor Treatment Compliance\u2019, 2002. [Online]. Available: http:\/\/archderm.jamanetwork.com\/","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.3.337"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Charach and R. Fernandez, \u2018Enhancing ADHD medication adherence: Challenges and opportunities topical collection on attention-deficit disorder\u2019, Curr Psychiatry Rep, vol. 15, no. 7, Jul. 2013, doi: 10.1007\/s11920-013-0371-6.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-013-0371-6"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. M. Wehmeier, R. W. Dittmann, and T. Banaschewski, \u2018Treatment compliance or medication adherence in children and adolescents on ADHD medication in clinical practice: results from the COMPLY observational study\u2019, ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 165\u2013174, Jun. 2015, doi: 10.1007\/s12402-014-0156-8.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12402-014-0156-8"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Y. Bhang et al., \u2018Factors that affect the adherence to ADHD medications during a treatment continuation period in children and adolescents: A nationwide retrospective cohort study using Korean health insurance data from 2007 to 2011\u2019, Psychiatry Investig, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 158\u2013165, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.4306\/pi.2017.14.2.158.","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2017.14.2.158"},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref28","unstructured":"K. I. Kamimura-Nishimura, W. B. Brinkman, and T. E. Froehlich, \u2018Strategies for improving ADHD medication adherence HHS Public Access\u2019."},{"key":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. , G. K. R. , C. A. , F. S. R. Haidari, \u2018Adherence in Acne\u2019, in Treatment Adherence in Dermatology. Updates in Clinical Dermatology. Springer, Cham., S. , C. A. , P. A. , K. S. Feldman, Ed., 2020, pp. 85\u201398.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-27809-0_9"}],"container-title":["Dermatology Practical &amp; Conceptual"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dpcj.org\/index.php\/dpc\/article\/download\/4854\/3003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dpcj.org\/index.php\/dpc\/article\/download\/4854\/3463","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dpcj.org\/index.php\/dpc\/article\/download\/4854\/3003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:33:17Z","timestamp":1762507997000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dpcj.org\/index.php\/dpc\/article\/view\/4854"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5826\/dpc.1501a4854","relation":{"has-manifestation":[{"id-type":"other","id":"1-78-4854-g3003","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"other","id":"1-78-4854-g3463","asserted-by":"subject"}],"is-part-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.5826\/dpc.v15i1","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2160-9381"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2160-9381","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"article-number":"1"}}