{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T15:17:59Z","timestamp":1785683879658,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Context.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia is a rare lesion that can be mistaken for sarcoma because of the presence of atypical, bizarre, degenerative myocyte nuclei.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To determine the diagnostic criteria and clinical significance of prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Design.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Eighteen cases of prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia were reviewed from the consultation file of one of the authors (D.G.B.).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia consists of 1 or more ill-defined, uncircumscribed, hyperplastic stromal nodules, with variable numbers of atypical, bizarre giant cells, with vacuolated nuclei, smudged chromatin, and frequent multinucleation infiltrating around benign acini. There was a hypocellular, loose, myxoid stromal matrix, with ectatic hyalinized vessels and mild to moderate chronic inflammation. Stromal cells displayed intense immunoreactivity for androgen receptors and vimentin, but moderate reactivity for desmin and actin. There were 3 local recurrences, with a mean follow-up of 6.3 years (range, 0.5\u201314 years), but none developed evidence of sarcomatous transformation or malignancy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia is a rare, benign lesion, composed of degenerative myocytes with atypia that is histologically and clinically reminiscent of benign counterparts in the myometrium, breast, vulva, vagina, and elsewhere. Recognition of this distinctive entity should allow separation from phyllodes tumor and sarcoma of the prostate. The phrase\n                    <jats:italic>stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential<\/jats:italic>\n                    is inappropriate for this benign tumor, and its use is discouraged.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/132.11.1729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T23:51:16Z","timestamp":1613087476000},"page":"1729-1733","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Prostatic Stromal Hyperplasia With Atypia: Follow-up Study of 18 Cases"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Deloar","family":"Hossain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Bostwick Laboratories, Glen Allen, Va (Drs Hossain, Meiers, Qian, and Bostwick); and the Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr MacLennan)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Meiers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Bostwick Laboratories, Glen Allen, Va (Drs Hossain, Meiers, Qian, and Bostwick); and the Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr MacLennan)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqi","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Bostwick Laboratories, Glen Allen, Va (Drs Hossain, Meiers, Qian, and Bostwick); and the Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr MacLennan)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory T.","family":"MacLennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Bostwick Laboratories, Glen Allen, Va (Drs Hossain, Meiers, Qian, and Bostwick); and the Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr MacLennan)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David G.","family":"Bostwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Bostwick Laboratories, Glen Allen, Va (Drs Hossain, Meiers, Qian, and Bostwick); and the Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr MacLennan)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b1","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"324","article-title":"Atypical stromal hyperplasia of the prostate gland.","volume":"67","author":"Attah, E. B.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Attah, E. B. and M. E.Powell. Atypical stromal hyperplasia of the prostate gland.Am J Clin Pathol1977. 67:324\u2013327."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b2","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"87","article-title":"Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with bizarre nuclei.","volume":"115","author":"Eble, J. N.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Eble, J. N. and E.Tejada. Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with bizarre nuclei.Arch Pathol Lab Med1991. 115:87\u201389."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b3","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"148","article-title":"Sarcomas and related proliferative lesions of specialized prostatic stroma: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases.","volume":"22","author":"Gaudin, P. B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gaudin, P. B., J.Rosai, and J. I.Epstein. Sarcomas and related proliferative lesions of specialized prostatic stroma: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases.Am J Surg Pathol1998. 22:148\u2013162."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b4","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"163","article-title":"Atypical stromal smooth muscle hyperplasia of prostate.","volume":"31","author":"Leong, S. S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Leong, S. S., P. J.Vogt, and G. S.Yu. Atypical stromal smooth muscle hyperplasia of prostate.Urology1988. 31:163\u2013167."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b5","series-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol","first-page":"284","article-title":"Atypical spindle cell lesions of the prostate.","volume":"5","author":"Tetu, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tetu, B., J. Y.Ro, A. G.Ayala, J. R.Srigley, L. R.Begin, and D. G.Bostwick. 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Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia: a benign, histologically worrisome lesion of the prostate [abstract].Mod Pathol2007. 20:(suppl 2). 152\u2013689."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b16","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"894","article-title":"Phyllodes tumor of the prostate: long-term followup study of 23 cases.","volume":"172","author":"Bostwick, D. G.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bostwick, D. G., D.Hossain, and J.Qian. et al. Phyllodes tumor of the prostate: long-term followup study of 23 cases.J Urol2004. 172:894\u2013899."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b17","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"694","article-title":"Specialized stromal tumors of the prostate: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases.","volume":"30","author":"Herawi, M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Herawi, M. and J. I.Epstein. Specialized stromal tumors of the prostate: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases.Am J Surg Pathol2006. 30:694\u2013704."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b18","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"243","article-title":"Sarcomas and related proliferative lesions of specialized prostatic stroma.","volume":"23","author":"Colby, T. V.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Colby, T. V. and D. G.Bostwick. Sarcomas and related proliferative lesions of specialized prostatic stroma.Am J Surg Pathol1999. 23:243\u2013244."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b1","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"324","article-title":"Atypical stromal hyperplasia of the prostate gland.","volume":"67","author":"Attah, E. B.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Attah, E. B. and M. E.Powell. 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Sarcomas and related proliferative lesions of specialized prostatic stroma: a clinicopathologic study of 22 cases.Am J Surg Pathol1998. 22:148\u2013162."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b4","series-title":"Urology","first-page":"163","article-title":"Atypical stromal smooth muscle hyperplasia of prostate.","volume":"31","author":"Leong, S. S.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Leong, S. S., P. J.Vogt, and G. S.Yu. Atypical stromal smooth muscle hyperplasia of prostate.Urology1988. 31:163\u2013167."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b5","series-title":"Semin Diagn Pathol","first-page":"284","article-title":"Atypical spindle cell lesions of the prostate.","volume":"5","author":"Tetu, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tetu, B., J. Y.Ro, A. G.Ayala, J. R.Srigley, L. R.Begin, and D. G.Bostwick. Atypical spindle cell lesions of the prostate.Semin Diagn Pathol1988. 5:284\u2013293."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b6","series-title":"J Urol Pathol","first-page":"15","article-title":"Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia: a study of 11 cases.","volume":"12","author":"Wang, X.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wang, X. and D. G.Bostwick. Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia: a study of 11 cases.J Urol Pathol1997. 12:15\u201326."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b7","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"379","article-title":"Spindle-cell proliferations of the urinary tract: an immunohistochemical study.","volume":"12","author":"Wick, M. R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wick, M. R., B. A.Brown, R. H.Young, and S. E.Mills. 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Prostatic stromal hyperplasia with atypia: a benign, histologically worrisome lesion of the prostate [abstract].Mod Pathol2007. 20:(suppl 2). 152\u2013689."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b16","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"894","article-title":"Phyllodes tumor of the prostate: long-term followup study of 23 cases.","volume":"172","author":"Bostwick, D. G.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bostwick, D. G., D.Hossain, and J.Qian. et al. Phyllodes tumor of the prostate: long-term followup study of 23 cases.J Urol2004. 172:894\u2013899."},{"key":"i1543-2165-132-11-1729-b17","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"694","article-title":"Specialized stromal tumors of the prostate: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases.","volume":"30","author":"Herawi, M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Herawi, M. and J. I.Epstein. 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