{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:30:59Z","timestamp":1791469859973,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Context.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Approximately 5% to 10% of individuals with pancreatic cancer report a history of pancreatic cancer in a close family member. In addition, several known genetic syndromes, such as familial breast cancer (\n                    <jats:italic>BRCA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome, have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. The known genes associated with these conditions can explain only a portion of the clustering of pancreatic cancer in families, and research to identify additional susceptibility genes is ongoing.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To provide an understanding of familial pancreatic cancer and the pathology of familial exocrine pancreatic cancers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Data Sources.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Published literature on familial aggregation of pancreatic cancer and familial exocrine pancreatic tumors.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Even in the absence of predictive genetic testing, the collection of a careful, detailed family history is an important step in the management of all patients with pancreatic cancer. While most pancreatic cancers that arise in patients with a family history are ductal adenocarcinomas, certain subtypes of pancreatic cancer have been associated with familial syndromes. Therefore, the histologic appearance of the pancreatic cancer itself, and\/or the presence and appearance of precancerous changes in the pancreas, may increase the clinical index of suspicion for a genetic syndrome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/133.3.365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T09:30:56Z","timestamp":1613122256000},"page":"365-374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Familial Pancreatic Cancer"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Chanjuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Shi, Hruban, and Klein) and Oncology (Drs Hruban and Klein), The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and the Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Klein)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph H.","family":"Hruban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Shi, Hruban, and Klein) and Oncology (Drs Hruban and Klein), The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and the Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Klein)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison P.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Shi, Hruban, and Klein) and Oncology (Drs Hruban and Klein), The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and the Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Klein)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b1","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"137","article-title":"Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in four siblings.","volume":"65","author":"MacDermott, R. 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Reported family aggregation of pancreatic cancer within a population-based case-control study in the Francophone community in Montreal, Canada.Int J Pancreatol1991. 10:183\u2013196."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b10","series-title":"Teratog Carcinog Mutagen","first-page":"7","article-title":"Risk factors for pancreatic cancer: a case-control study based on direct interviews.","volume":"21","author":"Silverman, D. T.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Silverman, D. T.\n          \n          Risk factors for pancreatic cancer: a case-control study based on direct interviews.\n          Teratog Carcinog Mutagen\n          2001. 21:7\u201325."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b11","series-title":"Cancer Causes Control","first-page":"915","article-title":"Predictors of pancreatic cancer mortality among a large cohort of United States adults.","volume":"11","author":"Coughlin, S. S.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Coughlin, S. S., E. E.Calle, A. V.Patel, and M. J.Thun. 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Validity of models for predicting BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.Ann Intern Med2007. 147:441\u2013450."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b22","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"1479","article-title":"Prediction of germline mutations and cancer risk in the Lynch syndrome.","volume":"296","author":"Chen, S.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, S., W.Wang, and S.Lee. et al. Prediction of germline mutations and cancer risk in the Lynch syndrome.JAMA2006. 296:1479\u20131487."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b23","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"1417","article-title":"PancPRO: risk assessment for individuals with a family history of pancreatic cancer.","volume":"25","author":"Wang, W.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang, W., S.Chen, K. A.Brune, R. H.Hruban, G.Parmigiani, and A. P.Klein. PancPRO: risk assessment for individuals with a family history of pancreatic cancer.J Clin Oncol2007. 25:1417\u20131422."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b24","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"1447","article-title":"Very high risk of cancer in familial Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.","volume":"119","author":"Giardiello, F. M.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Giardiello, F. M., J. D.Brensinger, and A. C.Tersmette. et al. Very high risk of cancer in familial Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.Gastroenterology2000. 119:1447\u20131453."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b25","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"970","article-title":"Increased risk of pancreatic cancer in melanoma-prone kindreds with p16INK4 mutations.","volume":"333","author":"Goldstein, A. M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Goldstein, A. M., M. C.Fraser, and J. P.Struewing. et al. Increased risk of pancreatic cancer in melanoma-prone kindreds with p16INK4 mutations.N Engl J Med1995. 333:970\u2013974."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b26","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1433","article-title":"Pancreatitis and the risk of pancreatic cancer.","volume":"328","author":"Lowenfels, A. B.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lowenfels, A. B., P.Maisonneuve, and G.Cavallini. et al; for The International Pancreatitis Study Group. Pancreatitis and the risk of pancreatic cancer.N Engl J Med1993. 328:1433\u20131437."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b27","series-title":"Nat Genet","first-page":"141","article-title":"Hereditary pancreatitis is caused by a mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene.","volume":"14","author":"Whitcomb, D. C.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Whitcomb, D. C., M. C.Gorry, and R. A.Preston. et al. Hereditary pancreatitis is caused by a mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene.Nat Genet1996. 14:141\u2013145."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b28","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1619","article-title":"Distinctive molecular genetic alterations in sporadic and familial adenomatous polyposis-associated pancreatoblastomas: frequent alterations in the APC\/beta-catenin pathway and chromosome 11p.","volume":"159","author":"Abraham, S. C.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Abraham, S. C., T. T.Wu, and D. S.Klimstra. et al. 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Pancreatic adenocarcinomas with DNA replication errors (RER+) are associated with wild-type K-ras and characteristic histopathology: poor differentiation, a syncytial growth pattern, and pushing borders suggest RER+.Am J Pathol1998. 152:1501\u20131507."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b33","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1835","article-title":"Germline and somatic mutations of the STK11\/LKB1 Peutz-Jeghers gene in pancreatic and biliary cancers.","volume":"154","author":"Su, G. H.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Su, G. H., R. H.Hruban, and R. K.Bansal. et al. Germline and somatic mutations of the STK11\/LKB1 Peutz-Jeghers gene in pancreatic and biliary cancers.Am J Pathol1999. 154:1835\u20131840."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b34","series-title":"J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg","first-page":"233","article-title":"Molecular genetics of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.","volume":"14","author":"Furukawa, T.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Furukawa, T.\n          \n          Molecular genetics of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.\n          J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg\n          2007. 14:233\u2013237."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b35","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"2017","article-title":"STK11\/LKB1 Peutz-Jeghers gene inactivation in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.","volume":"159","author":"Sato, N.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sato, N., C.Rosty, and M.Jansen. et al. 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The hereditary pancreatitis gene maps to long arm of chromosome 7.Hum Mol Genet1996. 5:549\u2013554."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b59","series-title":"Nat Genet","first-page":"213","article-title":"Mutations in the gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 are associated with chronic pancreatitis.","volume":"25","author":"Witt, H.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Witt, H., W.Luck, and H. C.Hennies. et al. Mutations in the gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 are associated with chronic pancreatitis.Nat Genet2000. 25:213\u2013216."},{"key":"i1543-2165-133-3-365-b60","series-title":"Hum Mutat","first-page":"721","article-title":"Mutations of human cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) and chronic pancreatitis.","volume":"27","author":"Teich, N.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Teich, N., J.Rosendahl, M.Toth, J.Mossner, and M.Sahin-Toth. 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