{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:44:07Z","timestamp":1790484247977,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Chemokines effect their proinflammatory and growth regulatory roles through interaction with serpentine receptors. One such receptor, CXCR2, binds multiple CXC chemokines, including interleukin 8, GRO-\u03b1, GRO-\u03b2, GRO-\u03b3, and NAP-2. We have previously identified CXCR2 expression on myeloid cells, notably mature granulocytes, and projection neurons.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To determine the expression of CXCR2 by cells of the neuroendocrine system.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Design.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Archival specimens from normal neuroendocrine tissues and their malignant counterparts were analyzed by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies specific for CXCR1 and CXCR2.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Immunohistochemical analysis revealed high-level expression of CXCR2 by cells in the pituitary, adrenal medulla, pancreatic islets, thyroid C cells, scattered Kulchitsky cells in the bronchi, and counterpart neuroendocrine cells in the stomach, small bowel, colon, and appendix. Neuroendocrine neoplasms that demonstrated high-level CXCR2 expression included (1) primary carcinoids localized to the stomach, small bowel, colon, appendix, fallopian tube, ovary, and lung; (2) atypical carcinoids of the lung; (3) metastatic carcinoids; (4) pituitary adenomas; (5) pheochromocytomas; and (6) medullary carcinomas of the thyroid. Small cell lung carcinomas, large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung, small cell carcinoma of the cervix, Merkel cell carcinomas, neuroblastomas, and malignant melanomas lacked evidence of CXCR2 expression.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014The expression of CXCR2 by normal neuroendocrine cells and neoplastic counterparts that have retained phenotypic features of this differentiation program suggests that chemokines may play an important role in functions that are characteristic of this cell type. In addition, this raises the possibility that chemokines may modulate secretion of biologically active products of these cells and their neoplastic counterparts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-0520-eotcrc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T20:25:06Z","timestamp":1611865506000},"page":"520-525","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Expression of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR2 in Normal and Neoplastic Neuroendocrine Cells"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"T\u00fclay","family":"Tecimer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reprints: T\u00fclay Tecimer, MD, Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Altunizade\/Uskudar 81190 Istanbul, Turkey, or Stephen C. Peiper, MD, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, 529 S Jackson St, Louisville, KY 40202-3256 (scp@bcc.louisville.edu)."},{"name":"From the Department of Pathology and Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky (Drs Tecimer, Dlott, Martin, and Peiper), and Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif (Dr Chuntharapai). Dr Dlott is now with Midwest Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Muncie, Ind."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Dlott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology and Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky (Drs Tecimer, Dlott, Martin, and Peiper), and Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif (Dr Chuntharapai). Dr Dlott is now with Midwest Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Muncie, Ind."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anan","family":"Chuntharapai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology and Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky (Drs Tecimer, Dlott, Martin, and Peiper), and Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif (Dr Chuntharapai). Dr Dlott is now with Midwest Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Muncie, Ind."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvin W.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Pathology and Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky (Drs Tecimer, Dlott, Martin, and Peiper), and Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif (Dr Chuntharapai). Dr Dlott is now with Midwest Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Muncie, Ind."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Peiper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reprints: T\u00fclay Tecimer, MD, Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Altunizade\/Uskudar 81190 Istanbul, Turkey, or Stephen C. Peiper, MD, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, 529 S Jackson St, Louisville, KY 40202-3256 (scp@bcc.louisville.edu)."},{"name":"From the Department of Pathology and Henry Vogt Cancer Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky (Drs Tecimer, Dlott, Martin, and Peiper), and Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif (Dr Chuntharapai). Dr Dlott is now with Midwest Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratories, Muncie, Ind."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b1","series-title":"Fed Proc","first-page":"2288","article-title":"Embryology of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and its relationship to the common peptides.","volume":"38","author":"Pearse, A. G. E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Pearse, A. G. E. and T.Tokar. Embryology of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and its relationship to the common peptides.Fed Proc1979. 38:2288\u20132294."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b2","series-title":"Arch Histol Jpn (Suppl)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Concept of paraneurons.","volume":"40","author":"Fujita, T.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Fujita, T.\n          \n          Concept of paraneurons.\n          Arch Histol Jpn (Suppl)\n          1979. 40:1\u201312."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b3","series-title":"Pathol Ann","first-page":"27","article-title":"The APUD cell concept and its implications in pathology.","volume":"9","author":"Perase, A. G. E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Perase, A. G. E.\n          \n          The APUD cell concept and its implications in pathology.\n          Pathol Ann\n          1974. 9:27\u201341."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b4","first-page":"561","article-title":"The neuroendocrine and paracrine systems.","author":"Lloyd, R. V.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lloyd, R. V.\n          \n          The neuroendocrine and paracrine systems.\n          In: Sternberg SS, ed. Diagnostic Surgical Pathology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Raven Press. 1994. 561\u2013570."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b5","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"834","article-title":"Neurone-specific enolase is a molecular marker for peripheral and central neuroendocrine cells.","volume":"276","author":"Wood, J. D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wood, J. D. and C. J.Mayer. Neurone-specific enolase is a molecular marker for peripheral and central neuroendocrine cells.Nature1978. 276:834\u2013837."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b6","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"536","article-title":"Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in neoplasms of the CNS and other tissues.","volume":"108","author":"Vinores, S. A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Vinores, S. A., J. M.Bonnin, L. J.Rubinstein, and P. J.Marangos. Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in neoplasms of the CNS and other tissues.Arch Pathol Lab Med1984. 108:536\u2013540."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b7","series-title":"Virchows Archiv A Pathol Anat","first-page":"201","article-title":"Differential diagnostic patterns of lung neuroendocrine tumours: a clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical study of 122 cases.","volume":"420","author":"Bonato, M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bonato, M., M.Cerati, and A.Pagani. et al. Differential diagnostic patterns of lung neuroendocrine tumours: a clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical study of 122 cases.Virchows Archiv A Pathol Anat1992. 420:201\u2013211."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b8","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"289","article-title":"Comparison of the usefulness of histochemistry and ultrastructural cytochemistry in the identification of neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"85","author":"Nagle, R. B.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Nagle, R. B., C. M.Payne, and V. A.Clark. Comparison of the usefulness of histochemistry and ultrastructural cytochemistry in the identification of neuroendocrine neoplasms.Am J Clin Pathol1986. 85:289\u2013296."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b9","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"296","article-title":"Distribution of chromogranin A and secretogranin I (chromogranin B) in neuroendocrine cells and tumors.","volume":"130","author":"Lloyd, R. V.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lloyd, R. V., M.Cano, P.Rosa, A.Hille, and W. B.Huttner. Distribution of chromogranin A and secretogranin I (chromogranin B) in neuroendocrine cells and tumors.Am J Pathol1988. 130:296\u2013304."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b10","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"1364","article-title":"Identification of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine cells in normal and neoplastic human tissue with antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A, secretogranin I (chromogranin B), and secretogranin II.","volume":"95","author":"Wiedenmann, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wiedenmann, B., R.Waldherr, H.Buhr, A.Hille, P.Rosa, and W. B.Huttner. Identification of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine cells in normal and neoplastic human tissue with antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A, secretogranin I (chromogranin B), and secretogranin II.Gastroenterology1988. 95:1364\u20131374."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b11","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"243","article-title":"Synaptophysin expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms as determined by immunohistochemistry.","volume":"126","author":"Gould, V. E.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gould, V. E., B.Wiedenmann, and I.Lee. et al. Synaptophysin expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms as determined by immunohistochemistry.Am J Pathol1987. 126:243\u2013257."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b12","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"979","article-title":"Synaptophysin: a novel marker for neurons, certain neuroendocrine cells, and their neoplasms.","volume":"17","author":"Gould, V. E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gould, V. E., I.Lee, B.Wiedenmann, R.Moll, G.Chejfec, and W. W.Franke. Synaptophysin: a novel marker for neurons, certain neuroendocrine cells, and their neoplasms.Hum Pathol1986. 17:979\u2013983."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b13","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"961","article-title":"Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in normal and neoplastic human neuroendocrine tissues.","volume":"138","author":"Jin, L.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jin, L., J. J.Hemperly, and R. V.Lloyd. Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in normal and neoplastic human neuroendocrine tissues.Am J Pathol1991. 138:961\u2013969."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b14","series-title":"Annu Rev Immunol","first-page":"675","article-title":"Human chemokines: an update.","volume":"15","author":"Baggiolini, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Baggiolini, M., B.Dewald, and B.Moser. Human chemokines: an update.Annu Rev Immunol1997. 15:675\u2013705."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b15","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"436","article-title":"Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation.","volume":"338","author":"Luster, A. D.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Luster, A. D.\n          \n          Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation.\n          N Engl J Med\n          1998. 338:436\u2013445."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b16","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"565","article-title":"Chemokines and leukocyte traffic.","volume":"392","author":"Baggiolini, M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baggiolini, M.\n          \n          Chemokines and leukocyte traffic.\n          Nature\n          1998. 392:565\u2013568."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b17","series-title":"Science","first-page":"1798","article-title":"Interleukin-8 as a macrophage-derived mediator of angiogenesis.","volume":"258","author":"Koch, A. E.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Koch, A. E., P. J.Polverini, and S. L.Kunkel. et al. Interleukin-8 as a macrophage-derived mediator of angiogenesis.Science1992. 258:1798\u20131801."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b18","series-title":"J Invest Med","first-page":"113","article-title":"CXC chemokine modulation of angiogenesis: the importance of balance between angiogenic and angiostatic members of the family.","volume":"46","author":"Moore, B. B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moore, B. B., M. P.Keane, C. L.Addison, D. A.Arenberg, and R. M.Strieter. CXC chemokine modulation of angiogenesis: the importance of balance between angiogenic and angiostatic members of the family.J Invest Med1998. 46:113\u2013120."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b19","series-title":"J Leukoc Biol","first-page":"588","article-title":"Mechanism and biological significance of constitutive expression of MGSA\/GRO chemokines in malignant melanoma tumor progression.","volume":"62","author":"Luan, J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Luan, J., R.Shattuck-Brandt, and H.Haghnegahdar. et al. Mechanism and biological significance of constitutive expression of MGSA\/GRO chemokines in malignant melanoma tumor progression.J Leukoc Biol1997. 62:588\u2013597."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b20","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1105","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-8 by human melanoma cells up-regulates MMP-2 activity and increases tumor growth and metastasis.","volume":"151","author":"Luca, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Luca, M., S.Huang, J. E.Gershenwald, R. K.Singh, R.Reich, and M.Bar-Eli. Expression of interleukin-8 by human melanoma cells up-regulates MMP-2 activity and increases tumor growth and metastasis.Am J Pathol1997. 151:1105\u20131113."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b21","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"93","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-8 correlates with vascularity in human gastric carcinomas.","volume":"152","author":"Kitadai, Y.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kitadai, Y., K.Haruma, and K.Sumii. et al. Expression of interleukin-8 correlates with vascularity in human gastric carcinomas.Am J Pathol1998. 152:93\u2013100."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b22","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"526","article-title":"Colocalized overexpression of GRO-\u03b1 and IL-8 mRNA is restricted to the suprapapillary leyers of psoriatic lesions.","volume":"106","author":"Kulke, R.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kulke, R., I.T\u00f6dt-Pingel, D.Rademacher, J.R\u00f6wert, J. M.Schr\u00f6der, and E.Christophers. Colocalized overexpression of GRO-\u03b1 and IL-8 mRNA is restricted to the suprapapillary leyers of psoriatic lesions.J Invest Dermatol1996. 106:526\u2013530."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b23","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"90","article-title":"The CXC receptor 2 is overexpressed in psoriatic epidermis.","volume":"110","author":"Kulke, R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kulke, R., E.Bornscheuer, and C.Schl\u00fcter. et al. The CXC receptor 2 is overexpressed in psoriatic epidermis.J Invest Dermatol1997. 110:90\u201394."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b24","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1248","article-title":"Distributions of melanoma growth stimulatory activity or growth-regulated gene and the interleukin-8 receptor B in human wound repair.","volume":"147","author":"Nanney, L. B.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nanney, L. B., S. G.Mueller, R.Bueno, S. C.Peiper, and A.Richmond. Distributions of melanoma growth stimulatory activity or growth-regulated gene and the interleukin-8 receptor B in human wound repair.Am J Pathol1995. 147:1248\u20131260."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b25","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"5682","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies detect different distribution patterns of IL-8 receptor A and IL-8 receptor B on human peripheral blood leukocytes.","volume":"153","author":"Chuntharapai, A.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chuntharapai, A., J.Lee, C. A.Hebert, and K. J.Kim. Monoclonal antibodies detect different distribution patterns of IL-8 receptor A and IL-8 receptor B on human peripheral blood leukocytes.J Immunol1994. 153:5682\u20135688."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b26","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"2882","article-title":"Expression of chemokine receptors by subsets of neurons in the central nervous system.","volume":"158","author":"Horuk, R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horuk, R., A. W.Martin, and Z.Wang. et al. Expression of chemokine receptors by subsets of neurons in the central nervous system.J Immunol1997. 158:2882\u20132890."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b27","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","first-page":"275","article-title":"Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in human neutrophil membranes: regulation by guanine nucleotides.","volume":"1177","author":"Barnett, M. L.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Barnett, M. L., K. A.Lamb, K. M.Costello, and M. C.Pike. Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in human neutrophil membranes: regulation by guanine nucleotides.Biochim Biophys Acta1993. 1177:275\u2013282."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b28","series-title":"Pathol Ann","first-page":"287","article-title":"Neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung.","author":"Gould, V. E.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gould, V. E., R. I.Linnoila, V. A.Memoli, and W. H.Warren. Neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung.Pathol Ann1983. 287\u2013330."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b29","first-page":"65","article-title":"The fourth week.","author":"Larsen, W. J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Larsen, W. J.\n          \n          The fourth week.\n          In: Human Embryology. 1st ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone. 1993. 65\u201392."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b30","first-page":"1053","article-title":"Pituitary and cellar region.","author":"Pernicone, P. J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pernicone, P. J., B. W.Scheithauer, E.Horvath, and K.Kovacs. Pituitary and cellar region.In: Sternberg SS, ed. Histology for Pathologist. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott-Raven Publishers. 1997. 1053\u20131074."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b31","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in human lung cancers.","volume":"84","author":"Bergh, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bergh, J., T.Esscher, L.Steinholtz, K.Nilsson, and S.P\u00e5hlman. Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in human lung cancers.Am J Clin Pathol1985. 84:1\u20137."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b32","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"529","article-title":"Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung with proposed criteria for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an ultrastuctural, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric study of 35 cases.","volume":"15","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Travis, W. D., R. I.Linnoila, and M. G.Tsokos. et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung with proposed criteria for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an ultrastuctural, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric study of 35 cases.Am J Surg Pathol1991. 15:529\u2013553."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b33","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1266","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of neuron-specific enolase and leu 7 in Ewing's sarcoma of bone.","volume":"64","author":"Pinto, A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pinto, A., L. H.Grant, F. A.Hayes, M. J.Schell, and D. M.Parham. Immunohistochemical expression of neuron-specific enolase and leu 7 in Ewing's sarcoma of bone.Cancer1989. 64:1266\u20131273."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b34","series-title":"Virchows Arch","first-page":"505","article-title":"Differentiation in paediatric peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumours of bone: a critical contribution to its assessment.","volume":"432","author":"Collini, P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Collini, P., G.Sampietro, R.Luksch, L.Migliorini, P.Boracchi, and L.Scopsi. Differentiation in paediatric peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumours of bone: a critical contribution to its assessment.Virchows Arch1998. 432:505\u2013513."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b35","series-title":"Lab Invest","first-page":"257","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of \u03b3-enolase in normal human tissues other than nervous and neuroendocrine tissues.","volume":"52","author":"Haimoto, H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Haimoto, H., Y.Takahashi, T.Koshikawa, H.Nagura, and K.Kato. Immunohistochemical localization of \u03b3-enolase in normal human tissues other than nervous and neuroendocrine tissues.Lab Invest1985. 52:257\u2013263."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b36","series-title":"Lab Invest","first-page":"554","article-title":"Expression of \u03b3-subunit of enolase, neuron-specific enolase, in human non-neuroendocrine tumors and derived cell lines.","volume":"54","author":"P\u00e5hlman, S.","year":"1986","unstructured":"P\u00e5hlman, S., T.Esscher, and K.Nilsson. Expression of \u03b3-subunit of enolase, neuron-specific enolase, in human non-neuroendocrine tumors and derived cell lines.Lab Invest1986. 54:554\u2013560."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b37","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"146","article-title":"A monoclonal antibody against neuron-specific enolase: immunohistochemical comparison with a polyclonal antiserum.","volume":"88","author":"Thomas, P.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Thomas, P., H.Battifora, G. L.Manderino, and J.Patrick. A monoclonal antibody against neuron-specific enolase: immunohistochemical comparison with a polyclonal antiserum.Am J Clin Pathol1987. 88:146\u2013152."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b38","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"813","article-title":"Synaptophysin and neurofilament proteins as markers for neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"111","author":"Miettinen, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Miettinen, M.\n          \n          Synaptophysin and neurofilament proteins as markers for neuroendocrine tumors.\n          Arch Pathol Lab Med\n          1997. 111:813\u2013818."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b39","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1267","article-title":"Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) and NCAM-PSA expression in neuroendocrine lung tumors.","volume":"22","author":"Lantuejoul, S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lantuejoul, S., D.Moro, R. J. A. M.Michalides, C.Brambilla, and E.Brambilla. Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) and NCAM-PSA expression in neuroendocrine lung tumors.Am J Surg Pathol1998. 22:1267\u20131276."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b40","series-title":"Science","first-page":"89","article-title":"A neuroendocrine marker in tissues of the immune system.","volume":"230","author":"Hogue Angeletti, R.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hogue Angeletti, R. and W. F.Hickey. A neuroendocrine marker in tissues of the immune system.Science1985. 230:89\u201390."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b41","series-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun","first-page":"155","article-title":"In vitro effects of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, on hormone secretion by rat anterior pituitary cells.","volume":"202","author":"Sawada, T.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sawada, T., K.Koike, and Y.Kanda. et al. In vitro effects of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, on hormone secretion by rat anterior pituitary cells.Biochem Biophys Res Commun1994. 202:155\u2013160."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b42","series-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun","first-page":"161","article-title":"The production of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in rat anterior pituitary gland.","volume":"202","author":"Koike, K.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Koike, K., Y.Sakamoto, and T.Sawada. et al. The production of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in rat anterior pituitary gland.Biochem Biophys Res Commun1994. 202:161\u2013167."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b43","series-title":"Science","first-page":"682","article-title":"Neutrophil and B cell expension in mice that lack the murine IL-8 receptor homolog.","volume":"265","author":"Cacalano, G.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cacalano, G., J.Lee, and K.Kikly. et al. Neutrophil and B cell expension in mice that lack the murine IL-8 receptor homolog.Science1994. 265:682\u2013684."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b1","series-title":"Fed Proc","first-page":"2288","article-title":"Embryology of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and its relationship to the common peptides.","volume":"38","author":"Pearse, A. G. E.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Pearse, A. G. E. and T.Tokar. Embryology of the diffuse neuroendocrine system and its relationship to the common peptides.Fed Proc1979. 38:2288\u20132294."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b2","series-title":"Arch Histol Jpn (Suppl)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Concept of paraneurons.","volume":"40","author":"Fujita, T.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Fujita, T.\n          \n          Concept of paraneurons.\n          Arch Histol Jpn (Suppl)\n          1979. 40:1\u201312."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b3","series-title":"Pathol Ann","first-page":"27","article-title":"The APUD cell concept and its implications in pathology.","volume":"9","author":"Perase, A. G. E.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Perase, A. G. E.\n          \n          The APUD cell concept and its implications in pathology.\n          Pathol Ann\n          1974. 9:27\u201341."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b4","first-page":"561","article-title":"The neuroendocrine and paracrine systems.","author":"Lloyd, R. V.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lloyd, R. V.\n          \n          The neuroendocrine and paracrine systems.\n          In: Sternberg SS, ed. Diagnostic Surgical Pathology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Raven Press. 1994. 561\u2013570."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b5","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"834","article-title":"Neurone-specific enolase is a molecular marker for peripheral and central neuroendocrine cells.","volume":"276","author":"Wood, J. D.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Wood, J. D. and C. J.Mayer. Neurone-specific enolase is a molecular marker for peripheral and central neuroendocrine cells.Nature1978. 276:834\u2013837."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b6","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"536","article-title":"Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in neoplasms of the CNS and other tissues.","volume":"108","author":"Vinores, S. A.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Vinores, S. A., J. M.Bonnin, L. J.Rubinstein, and P. J.Marangos. Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase in neoplasms of the CNS and other tissues.Arch Pathol Lab Med1984. 108:536\u2013540."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b7","series-title":"Virchows Archiv A Pathol Anat","first-page":"201","article-title":"Differential diagnostic patterns of lung neuroendocrine tumours: a clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical study of 122 cases.","volume":"420","author":"Bonato, M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bonato, M., M.Cerati, and A.Pagani. et al. Differential diagnostic patterns of lung neuroendocrine tumours: a clinico-pathological and immunohistochemical study of 122 cases.Virchows Archiv A Pathol Anat1992. 420:201\u2013211."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b8","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"289","article-title":"Comparison of the usefulness of histochemistry and ultrastructural cytochemistry in the identification of neuroendocrine neoplasms.","volume":"85","author":"Nagle, R. B.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Nagle, R. B., C. M.Payne, and V. A.Clark. Comparison of the usefulness of histochemistry and ultrastructural cytochemistry in the identification of neuroendocrine neoplasms.Am J Clin Pathol1986. 85:289\u2013296."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b9","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"296","article-title":"Distribution of chromogranin A and secretogranin I (chromogranin B) in neuroendocrine cells and tumors.","volume":"130","author":"Lloyd, R. V.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lloyd, R. V., M.Cano, P.Rosa, A.Hille, and W. B.Huttner. Distribution of chromogranin A and secretogranin I (chromogranin B) in neuroendocrine cells and tumors.Am J Pathol1988. 130:296\u2013304."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b10","series-title":"Gastroenterology","first-page":"1364","article-title":"Identification of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine cells in normal and neoplastic human tissue with antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A, secretogranin I (chromogranin B), and secretogranin II.","volume":"95","author":"Wiedenmann, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wiedenmann, B., R.Waldherr, H.Buhr, A.Hille, P.Rosa, and W. B.Huttner. Identification of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine cells in normal and neoplastic human tissue with antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A, secretogranin I (chromogranin B), and secretogranin II.Gastroenterology1988. 95:1364\u20131374."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b11","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"243","article-title":"Synaptophysin expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms as determined by immunohistochemistry.","volume":"126","author":"Gould, V. E.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gould, V. E., B.Wiedenmann, and I.Lee. et al. Synaptophysin expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms as determined by immunohistochemistry.Am J Pathol1987. 126:243\u2013257."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b12","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"979","article-title":"Synaptophysin: a novel marker for neurons, certain neuroendocrine cells, and their neoplasms.","volume":"17","author":"Gould, V. E.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Gould, V. E., I.Lee, B.Wiedenmann, R.Moll, G.Chejfec, and W. W.Franke. Synaptophysin: a novel marker for neurons, certain neuroendocrine cells, and their neoplasms.Hum Pathol1986. 17:979\u2013983."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b13","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"961","article-title":"Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in normal and neoplastic human neuroendocrine tissues.","volume":"138","author":"Jin, L.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Jin, L., J. J.Hemperly, and R. V.Lloyd. Expression of neural cell adhesion molecule in normal and neoplastic human neuroendocrine tissues.Am J Pathol1991. 138:961\u2013969."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b14","series-title":"Annu Rev Immunol","first-page":"675","article-title":"Human chemokines: an update.","volume":"15","author":"Baggiolini, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Baggiolini, M., B.Dewald, and B.Moser. Human chemokines: an update.Annu Rev Immunol1997. 15:675\u2013705."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b15","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"436","article-title":"Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation.","volume":"338","author":"Luster, A. D.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Luster, A. D.\n          \n          Chemokines-chemotactic cytokines that mediate inflammation.\n          N Engl J Med\n          1998. 338:436\u2013445."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b16","series-title":"Nature","first-page":"565","article-title":"Chemokines and leukocyte traffic.","volume":"392","author":"Baggiolini, M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baggiolini, M.\n          \n          Chemokines and leukocyte traffic.\n          Nature\n          1998. 392:565\u2013568."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b17","series-title":"Science","first-page":"1798","article-title":"Interleukin-8 as a macrophage-derived mediator of angiogenesis.","volume":"258","author":"Koch, A. E.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Koch, A. E., P. J.Polverini, and S. L.Kunkel. et al. Interleukin-8 as a macrophage-derived mediator of angiogenesis.Science1992. 258:1798\u20131801."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b18","series-title":"J Invest Med","first-page":"113","article-title":"CXC chemokine modulation of angiogenesis: the importance of balance between angiogenic and angiostatic members of the family.","volume":"46","author":"Moore, B. B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moore, B. B., M. P.Keane, C. L.Addison, D. A.Arenberg, and R. M.Strieter. CXC chemokine modulation of angiogenesis: the importance of balance between angiogenic and angiostatic members of the family.J Invest Med1998. 46:113\u2013120."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b19","series-title":"J Leukoc Biol","first-page":"588","article-title":"Mechanism and biological significance of constitutive expression of MGSA\/GRO chemokines in malignant melanoma tumor progression.","volume":"62","author":"Luan, J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Luan, J., R.Shattuck-Brandt, and H.Haghnegahdar. et al. Mechanism and biological significance of constitutive expression of MGSA\/GRO chemokines in malignant melanoma tumor progression.J Leukoc Biol1997. 62:588\u2013597."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b20","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1105","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-8 by human melanoma cells up-regulates MMP-2 activity and increases tumor growth and metastasis.","volume":"151","author":"Luca, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Luca, M., S.Huang, J. E.Gershenwald, R. K.Singh, R.Reich, and M.Bar-Eli. Expression of interleukin-8 by human melanoma cells up-regulates MMP-2 activity and increases tumor growth and metastasis.Am J Pathol1997. 151:1105\u20131113."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b21","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"93","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-8 correlates with vascularity in human gastric carcinomas.","volume":"152","author":"Kitadai, Y.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kitadai, Y., K.Haruma, and K.Sumii. et al. Expression of interleukin-8 correlates with vascularity in human gastric carcinomas.Am J Pathol1998. 152:93\u2013100."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b22","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"526","article-title":"Colocalized overexpression of GRO-\u03b1 and IL-8 mRNA is restricted to the suprapapillary leyers of psoriatic lesions.","volume":"106","author":"Kulke, R.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kulke, R., I.T\u00f6dt-Pingel, D.Rademacher, J.R\u00f6wert, J. M.Schr\u00f6der, and E.Christophers. Colocalized overexpression of GRO-\u03b1 and IL-8 mRNA is restricted to the suprapapillary leyers of psoriatic lesions.J Invest Dermatol1996. 106:526\u2013530."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b23","series-title":"J Invest Dermatol","first-page":"90","article-title":"The CXC receptor 2 is overexpressed in psoriatic epidermis.","volume":"110","author":"Kulke, R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kulke, R., E.Bornscheuer, and C.Schl\u00fcter. et al. The CXC receptor 2 is overexpressed in psoriatic epidermis.J Invest Dermatol1997. 110:90\u201394."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b24","series-title":"Am J Pathol","first-page":"1248","article-title":"Distributions of melanoma growth stimulatory activity or growth-regulated gene and the interleukin-8 receptor B in human wound repair.","volume":"147","author":"Nanney, L. B.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nanney, L. B., S. G.Mueller, R.Bueno, S. C.Peiper, and A.Richmond. Distributions of melanoma growth stimulatory activity or growth-regulated gene and the interleukin-8 receptor B in human wound repair.Am J Pathol1995. 147:1248\u20131260."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b25","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"5682","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies detect different distribution patterns of IL-8 receptor A and IL-8 receptor B on human peripheral blood leukocytes.","volume":"153","author":"Chuntharapai, A.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chuntharapai, A., J.Lee, C. A.Hebert, and K. J.Kim. Monoclonal antibodies detect different distribution patterns of IL-8 receptor A and IL-8 receptor B on human peripheral blood leukocytes.J Immunol1994. 153:5682\u20135688."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b26","series-title":"J Immunol","first-page":"2882","article-title":"Expression of chemokine receptors by subsets of neurons in the central nervous system.","volume":"158","author":"Horuk, R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horuk, R., A. W.Martin, and Z.Wang. et al. Expression of chemokine receptors by subsets of neurons in the central nervous system.J Immunol1997. 158:2882\u20132890."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b27","series-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta","first-page":"275","article-title":"Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in human neutrophil membranes: regulation by guanine nucleotides.","volume":"1177","author":"Barnett, M. L.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Barnett, M. L., K. A.Lamb, K. M.Costello, and M. C.Pike. Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in human neutrophil membranes: regulation by guanine nucleotides.Biochim Biophys Acta1993. 1177:275\u2013282."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b28","series-title":"Pathol Ann","first-page":"287","article-title":"Neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung.","author":"Gould, V. E.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gould, V. E., R. I.Linnoila, V. A.Memoli, and W. H.Warren. Neuroendocrine cells and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung.Pathol Ann1983. 287\u2013330."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b29","first-page":"65","article-title":"The fourth week.","author":"Larsen, W. J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Larsen, W. J.\n          \n          The fourth week.\n          In: Human Embryology. 1st ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone. 1993. 65\u201392."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b30","first-page":"1053","article-title":"Pituitary and cellar region.","author":"Pernicone, P. J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pernicone, P. J., B. W.Scheithauer, E.Horvath, and K.Kovacs. Pituitary and cellar region.In: Sternberg SS, ed. Histology for Pathologist. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott-Raven Publishers. 1997. 1053\u20131074."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b31","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in human lung cancers.","volume":"84","author":"Bergh, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bergh, J., T.Esscher, L.Steinholtz, K.Nilsson, and S.P\u00e5hlman. Immunohistochemical demonstration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in human lung cancers.Am J Clin Pathol1985. 84:1\u20137."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b32","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"529","article-title":"Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung with proposed criteria for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an ultrastuctural, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric study of 35 cases.","volume":"15","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Travis, W. D., R. I.Linnoila, and M. G.Tsokos. et al. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung with proposed criteria for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an ultrastuctural, immunohistochemical, and flow cytometric study of 35 cases.Am J Surg Pathol1991. 15:529\u2013553."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b33","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"1266","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of neuron-specific enolase and leu 7 in Ewing's sarcoma of bone.","volume":"64","author":"Pinto, A.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pinto, A., L. H.Grant, F. A.Hayes, M. J.Schell, and D. M.Parham. Immunohistochemical expression of neuron-specific enolase and leu 7 in Ewing's sarcoma of bone.Cancer1989. 64:1266\u20131273."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b34","series-title":"Virchows Arch","first-page":"505","article-title":"Differentiation in paediatric peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumours of bone: a critical contribution to its assessment.","volume":"432","author":"Collini, P.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Collini, P., G.Sampietro, R.Luksch, L.Migliorini, P.Boracchi, and L.Scopsi. Differentiation in paediatric peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumours of bone: a critical contribution to its assessment.Virchows Arch1998. 432:505\u2013513."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b35","series-title":"Lab Invest","first-page":"257","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of \u03b3-enolase in normal human tissues other than nervous and neuroendocrine tissues.","volume":"52","author":"Haimoto, H.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Haimoto, H., Y.Takahashi, T.Koshikawa, H.Nagura, and K.Kato. Immunohistochemical localization of \u03b3-enolase in normal human tissues other than nervous and neuroendocrine tissues.Lab Invest1985. 52:257\u2013263."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b36","series-title":"Lab Invest","first-page":"554","article-title":"Expression of \u03b3-subunit of enolase, neuron-specific enolase, in human non-neuroendocrine tumors and derived cell lines.","volume":"54","author":"P\u00e5hlman, S.","year":"1986","unstructured":"P\u00e5hlman, S., T.Esscher, and K.Nilsson. Expression of \u03b3-subunit of enolase, neuron-specific enolase, in human non-neuroendocrine tumors and derived cell lines.Lab Invest1986. 54:554\u2013560."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b37","series-title":"Am J Clin Pathol","first-page":"146","article-title":"A monoclonal antibody against neuron-specific enolase: immunohistochemical comparison with a polyclonal antiserum.","volume":"88","author":"Thomas, P.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Thomas, P., H.Battifora, G. L.Manderino, and J.Patrick. A monoclonal antibody against neuron-specific enolase: immunohistochemical comparison with a polyclonal antiserum.Am J Clin Pathol1987. 88:146\u2013152."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b38","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"813","article-title":"Synaptophysin and neurofilament proteins as markers for neuroendocrine tumors.","volume":"111","author":"Miettinen, M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Miettinen, M.\n          \n          Synaptophysin and neurofilament proteins as markers for neuroendocrine tumors.\n          Arch Pathol Lab Med\n          1997. 111:813\u2013818."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b39","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"1267","article-title":"Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) and NCAM-PSA expression in neuroendocrine lung tumors.","volume":"22","author":"Lantuejoul, S.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lantuejoul, S., D.Moro, R. J. A. M.Michalides, C.Brambilla, and E.Brambilla. Neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) and NCAM-PSA expression in neuroendocrine lung tumors.Am J Surg Pathol1998. 22:1267\u20131276."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b40","series-title":"Science","first-page":"89","article-title":"A neuroendocrine marker in tissues of the immune system.","volume":"230","author":"Hogue Angeletti, R.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hogue Angeletti, R. and W. F.Hickey. A neuroendocrine marker in tissues of the immune system.Science1985. 230:89\u201390."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b41","series-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun","first-page":"155","article-title":"In vitro effects of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, on hormone secretion by rat anterior pituitary cells.","volume":"202","author":"Sawada, T.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sawada, T., K.Koike, and Y.Kanda. et al. In vitro effects of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, on hormone secretion by rat anterior pituitary cells.Biochem Biophys Res Commun1994. 202:155\u2013160."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b42","series-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun","first-page":"161","article-title":"The production of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in rat anterior pituitary gland.","volume":"202","author":"Koike, K.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Koike, K., Y.Sakamoto, and T.Sawada. et al. The production of CINC\/gro, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in rat anterior pituitary gland.Biochem Biophys Res Commun1994. 202:161\u2013167."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-4-520-b43","series-title":"Science","first-page":"682","article-title":"Neutrophil and B cell expension in mice that lack the murine IL-8 receptor homolog.","volume":"265","author":"Cacalano, G.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cacalano, G., J.Lee, and K.Kikly. et al. Neutrophil and B cell expension in mice that lack the murine IL-8 receptor homolog.Science1994. 265:682\u2013684."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/124\/4\/article-p520.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/124\/4\/520\/2724256\/0003-9985(2000)124_0520_eotcrc_2_0_co_2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/124\/4\/article-p520.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/124\/4\/article-p520.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:00:12Z","timestamp":1770771612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/124\/4\/article-p520.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2000-124-0520-eotcrc","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-2165","0003-9985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,4]]}}}