{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:47:37Z","timestamp":1790380057930,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A 69-year-old woman presented with a large left retroperitoneal suprarenal mass. Radical resection of the left kidney and the mass revealed a cystic adrenal tumor with a weight of 1500 g. Histologic examination showed that the cyst was composed mostly of partially organized clotted blood. The periphery of the mass consisted of a thin rim of cortical and medullary adrenal tissue with superimposed granulomatous chronic inflammation. The infectious nature of the process was manifested by the scattered intracellular and extracellular\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    amastigotes that were found throughout the lesion. The differential diagnosis of cystic adrenal masses and the unusual presentation of visceral leishmaniasis are discussed in this context.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-1553-ivlpaa","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T20:09:26Z","timestamp":1611864566000},"page":"1553-1556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Isolated Visceral Leishmaniasis Presenting as an Adrenal Cystic Mass"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"David S.","family":"Brenner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reprints: David S. Brenner, MD, Department of Pathology, University of Maryland Hospital, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201."},{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Brenner, Drachenberg, and Papadimitriou) and Urology (Dr Jacobs), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Brenner, Drachenberg, and Papadimitriou) and Urology (Dr Jacobs), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinthia B.","family":"Drachenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Brenner, Drachenberg, and Papadimitriou) and Urology (Dr Jacobs), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Papadimitriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Brenner, Drachenberg, and Papadimitriou) and Urology (Dr Jacobs), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b1","series-title":"Comput Med Imaging Graph","first-page":"469","article-title":"CT demonstration of a giant adrenal endothelial cyst of the angiomatous subtype.","volume":"18","author":"Sell, J.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sell, J., M. R.Williamson, R. D.Boutin, and B. J.Igel. CT demonstration of a giant adrenal endothelial cyst of the angiomatous subtype.Comput Med Imaging Graph1994. 18:469\u2013471."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b2","series-title":"J Okla State Med Assoc","first-page":"225","article-title":"Abdominal pain secondary to a lymphangiomatous cyst of the adrenal: case report and review of the literature.","volume":"87","author":"Milsten, M. S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Milsten, M. S., J. A.Minielly, P.Vanschoyck, and J. B.Forrest. Abdominal pain secondary to a lymphangiomatous cyst of the adrenal: case report and review of the literature.J Okla State Med Assoc1994. 87:225\u2013227."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b3","series-title":"Endocr Rev","first-page":"460","article-title":"Incidentally discovered adrenal masses.","volume":"16","author":"Kloos, R. T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kloos, R. T., M. D.Gross, I. R.Francis, M.Korobkin, and B.Shapiro. Incidentally discovered adrenal masses.Endocr Rev1995. 16:460\u2013484."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b4","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"363","article-title":"Functioning and nonfunctioning adrenal cysts of the adrenal cortex and medulla.","volume":"134","author":"Kearney, G. P.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kearney, G. P., E. M.Mahoney, E.Maher, and J. H.Harrison. Functioning and nonfunctioning adrenal cysts of the adrenal cortex and medulla.Am J Surg1977. 134:363\u2013368."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b5","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"660","article-title":"Adrenal pseudocysts: a clinical and pathological study of eight cases.","volume":"20","author":"Medeiros, L. J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Medeiros, L. J., K. B.Lewandroski, and A. L.Vickery. Adrenal pseudocysts: a clinical and pathological study of eight cases.Hum Pathol1989. 20:660\u2013665."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b6","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"740","article-title":"Vascular adrenal cysts: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of endothelial and hemorrhagic (pseudocystic) variants.","volume":"13","author":"Gaffey, M. J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gaffey, M. J., S. E.Mills, R. E.Fechner, M. F.Bertholf, and M. S. JrAllen. Vascular adrenal cysts: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of endothelial and hemorrhagic (pseudocystic) variants.Am J Surg Pathol1989. 13:740\u2013747."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b7","first-page":"419","article-title":"The adrenal cortex.","author":"Symington, S. T.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Symington, S. T.\n          \n          The adrenal cortex.\n          In: Bloodworth JMB Jr, ed. Endocrine Pathology General and Surgical. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins. 1982. 419\u2013471."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b8","first-page":"351","article-title":"Miscellaneous tumors and tumefactive lesions of the adrenal glands.","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Travis, W. D. and J. E.Oertel. Miscellaneous tumors and tumefactive lesions of the adrenal glands.In: Lack EE, ed. Pathology of the Adrenal Glands. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone. 1990. 351\u2013378."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b9","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"121","article-title":"Immunovascular evidence for the vascular origin of primary adrenal pseudocysts.","volume":"110","author":"Groben, P. A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Groben, P. A., J. B. JrRoberson, S. R.Anger, F. B.Askin, W. G.Price, and G. P.Siegal. Immunovascular evidence for the vascular origin of primary adrenal pseudocysts.Arch Pathol Lab Med1986. 110:121\u2013123."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b10","first-page":"56","article-title":"Leishmania species.","author":"Orihel, T. C.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Orihel, T. C. and L. R.Ash. Leishmania species.In: Parasites in Human Tissues. Chicago, Ill: ASCP Press. 1995. 56\u201359."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b11","first-page":"1213","article-title":"Leishmaniasis.","author":"Bryceson, A. D. M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bryceson, A. D. M.\n          \n          Leishmaniasis.\n          In: Cook GC, ed. Manson's Tropical Diseases. 20th ed. London, England: WB Saunders Co Ltd. 1996. 1213\u20131245."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b12","first-page":"571","article-title":"The adrenal glands.","author":"DeLellis, R. A.","year":"1994","unstructured":"DeLellis, R. A.\n          \n          The adrenal glands.\n          In: Sternberg SS, ed. Diagnostic Surgical Pathology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Raven Press. 1994. 571\u2013598."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b1","series-title":"Comput Med Imaging Graph","first-page":"469","article-title":"CT demonstration of a giant adrenal endothelial cyst of the angiomatous subtype.","volume":"18","author":"Sell, J.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sell, J., M. R.Williamson, R. D.Boutin, and B. J.Igel. CT demonstration of a giant adrenal endothelial cyst of the angiomatous subtype.Comput Med Imaging Graph1994. 18:469\u2013471."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b2","series-title":"J Okla State Med Assoc","first-page":"225","article-title":"Abdominal pain secondary to a lymphangiomatous cyst of the adrenal: case report and review of the literature.","volume":"87","author":"Milsten, M. S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Milsten, M. S., J. A.Minielly, P.Vanschoyck, and J. B.Forrest. Abdominal pain secondary to a lymphangiomatous cyst of the adrenal: case report and review of the literature.J Okla State Med Assoc1994. 87:225\u2013227."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b3","series-title":"Endocr Rev","first-page":"460","article-title":"Incidentally discovered adrenal masses.","volume":"16","author":"Kloos, R. T.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kloos, R. T., M. D.Gross, I. R.Francis, M.Korobkin, and B.Shapiro. Incidentally discovered adrenal masses.Endocr Rev1995. 16:460\u2013484."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b4","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"363","article-title":"Functioning and nonfunctioning adrenal cysts of the adrenal cortex and medulla.","volume":"134","author":"Kearney, G. P.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kearney, G. P., E. M.Mahoney, E.Maher, and J. H.Harrison. Functioning and nonfunctioning adrenal cysts of the adrenal cortex and medulla.Am J Surg1977. 134:363\u2013368."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b5","series-title":"Hum Pathol","first-page":"660","article-title":"Adrenal pseudocysts: a clinical and pathological study of eight cases.","volume":"20","author":"Medeiros, L. J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Medeiros, L. J., K. B.Lewandroski, and A. L.Vickery. Adrenal pseudocysts: a clinical and pathological study of eight cases.Hum Pathol1989. 20:660\u2013665."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b6","series-title":"Am J Surg Pathol","first-page":"740","article-title":"Vascular adrenal cysts: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of endothelial and hemorrhagic (pseudocystic) variants.","volume":"13","author":"Gaffey, M. J.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gaffey, M. J., S. E.Mills, R. E.Fechner, M. F.Bertholf, and M. S. JrAllen. Vascular adrenal cysts: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of endothelial and hemorrhagic (pseudocystic) variants.Am J Surg Pathol1989. 13:740\u2013747."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b7","first-page":"419","article-title":"The adrenal cortex.","author":"Symington, S. T.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Symington, S. T.\n          \n          The adrenal cortex.\n          In: Bloodworth JMB Jr, ed. Endocrine Pathology General and Surgical. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins. 1982. 419\u2013471."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b8","first-page":"351","article-title":"Miscellaneous tumors and tumefactive lesions of the adrenal glands.","author":"Travis, W. D.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Travis, W. D. and J. E.Oertel. Miscellaneous tumors and tumefactive lesions of the adrenal glands.In: Lack EE, ed. Pathology of the Adrenal Glands. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone. 1990. 351\u2013378."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b9","series-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med","first-page":"121","article-title":"Immunovascular evidence for the vascular origin of primary adrenal pseudocysts.","volume":"110","author":"Groben, P. A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Groben, P. A., J. B. JrRoberson, S. R.Anger, F. B.Askin, W. G.Price, and G. P.Siegal. Immunovascular evidence for the vascular origin of primary adrenal pseudocysts.Arch Pathol Lab Med1986. 110:121\u2013123."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b10","first-page":"56","article-title":"Leishmania species.","author":"Orihel, T. C.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Orihel, T. C. and L. R.Ash. Leishmania species.In: Parasites in Human Tissues. Chicago, Ill: ASCP Press. 1995. 56\u201359."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b11","first-page":"1213","article-title":"Leishmaniasis.","author":"Bryceson, A. D. M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bryceson, A. D. M.\n          \n          Leishmaniasis.\n          In: Cook GC, ed. Manson's Tropical Diseases. 20th ed. London, England: WB Saunders Co Ltd. 1996. 1213\u20131245."},{"key":"i1543-2165-124-10-1553-b12","first-page":"571","article-title":"The adrenal glands.","author":"DeLellis, R. A.","year":"1994","unstructured":"DeLellis, R. A.\n          \n          The adrenal glands.\n          In: Sternberg SS, ed. Diagnostic Surgical Pathology. 2nd ed. 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