{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T18:39:13Z","timestamp":1787683153618,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Occasionally, heterotopic splenic tissue can occur in the renal fossa secondary to splenosis following splenic trauma or splenectomy. More rarely, it can represent a developmental anomaly secondary to the fusion of splenic and renal tissues. Splenorenal fusion can present as a renal mass, mimicking primary or secondary renal neoplasms on imaging studies, and patients can also present with symptoms of hypersplenism (anemia). We report a case of splenorenal fusion in a 51-year-old woman who initially presented with lithium toxicity, anemia, thrombocytosis, and a large renal mass that mimicked a primary renal neoplasm. The possible embryologic origin of splenorenal fusion, effects of lithium toxicity, and utility of various imaging modalities are discussed. The literature on renal heterotopic splenic tissue is also briefly reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.5858\/2003-127-e1-lssfwm","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,29]],"date-time":"2021-01-29T04:56:28Z","timestamp":1611896188000},"page":"e1-e3","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Left-Sided Splenorenal Fusion With Marked Extramedullary Hematopoiesis and Concurrent Lithium Toxicity"],"prefix":"10.5858","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Shan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Yuan and Agoff) and Radiology (Dr Vaughan), Harborview Medical Center\/University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Vaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Yuan and Agoff) and Radiology (Dr Vaughan), Harborview Medical Center\/University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Nicholas Agoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Yuan and Agoff) and Radiology (Dr Vaughan), Harborview Medical Center\/University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3906","reference":[{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b1","series-title":"Diagn Cytopathol","first-page":"565","article-title":"Renal splenic heterotopia, a rare mimic of renal neoplasia: case report of imaging and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.","volume":"9","author":"Forino, M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Forino, M., G. L.Davis, and J. H.Zins. Renal splenic heterotopia, a rare mimic of renal neoplasia: case report of imaging and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.Diagn Cytopathol1993. 9:565\u2013569."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b2","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"1508","article-title":"Splenosis mimicking a left renal mass.","volume":"167","author":"Kiser, J. W.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kiser, J. W., M.Fagien, and F. F.Clore. Splenosis mimicking a left renal mass.AJR Am J Roentgenol1996. 167:1508\u20131509."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b3","series-title":"Am J Dis Child","first-page":"994","article-title":"Splenorenal fusion: heterotopia simulating a primary renal neoplasm.","volume":"131","author":"Gonzalez-Crussi, F.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Crussi, F., S.Raibley, T. V.Ballantine, and J. L.Grosfeld. Splenorenal fusion: heterotopia simulating a primary renal neoplasm.Am J Dis Child1977. 131:994\u2013996."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b4","series-title":"Psychosomatics","first-page":"414","article-title":"Hematologic side effects of psychotropics.","volume":"40","author":"Oyesanmi, O.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Oyesanmi, O., E. J.Kunkel, D. A.Monti, and H. L.Field. Hematologic side effects of psychotropics.Psychosomatics1999. 40:414\u2013421."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b5","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"812","article-title":"Right splenorenal fusion with associated hypersplenism.","volume":"126","author":"Rosenthal, J. T.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Rosenthal, J. T., C. D.Bedetti, R. F.Labayen, W. C.Christy, and R.Yakulis. Right splenorenal fusion with associated hypersplenism.J Urol1981. 126:812\u2013814."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b6","series-title":"Aust N Z J Surg","first-page":"431","article-title":"Splenic regeneration following splenectomy for traumatic rupture.","volume":"53","author":"Kiroff, G. K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kiroff, G. K., A.Mangos, R.Cohen, B. E.Chatterton, and G. G.Jamieson. Splenic regeneration following splenectomy for traumatic rupture.Aust N Z J Surg1983. 53:431\u2013434."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b7","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"152","article-title":"Splenosis presenting as a left renal mass indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma.","volume":"146","author":"Bock, D. B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bock, D. B., B. F.King, H. P.Hezmall, and J. E.Oesterling. Splenosis presenting as a left renal mass indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma.J Urol1991. 146:152\u2013154."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b8","series-title":"Virchows Arch Pathol Anat","first-page":"237","article-title":"Accessory spleens in epididymis and spermatic cord.","volume":"259","author":"Tallman, I. M.","year":"1926","unstructured":"Tallman, I. M.\n          \n          Accessory spleens in epididymis and spermatic cord.\n          Virchows Arch Pathol Anat\n          1926. 259:237."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b9","series-title":"Arch Pathol Anat","first-page":"36","article-title":"Milzgewebe in linken Ovarium des linken Individulateiles eines menschlichen Thorokapagus.","volume":"324","author":"Von Hochstetter, A.","year":"1953","unstructured":"Von Hochstetter, A.\n          \n          Milzgewebe in linken Ovarium des linken Individulateiles eines menschlichen Thorokapagus.\n          Arch Pathol Anat\n          1953. 324:36\u201354."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b10","series-title":"Urologe A","first-page":"227","article-title":"Fusion of an ectopic spleen with the left kidney: preoperative diagnosis: adenocarcinoma of the kidney [in German].","volume":"24","author":"Constantine, E.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Constantine, E., N.Schmeller, and A.Hofstetter. Fusion of an ectopic spleen with the left kidney: preoperative diagnosis: adenocarcinoma of the kidney [in German].Urologe A1985. 24:227\u2013228."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b1","series-title":"Diagn Cytopathol","first-page":"565","article-title":"Renal splenic heterotopia, a rare mimic of renal neoplasia: case report of imaging and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.","volume":"9","author":"Forino, M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Forino, M., G. L.Davis, and J. H.Zins. Renal splenic heterotopia, a rare mimic of renal neoplasia: case report of imaging and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.Diagn Cytopathol1993. 9:565\u2013569."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b2","series-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol","first-page":"1508","article-title":"Splenosis mimicking a left renal mass.","volume":"167","author":"Kiser, J. W.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kiser, J. W., M.Fagien, and F. F.Clore. Splenosis mimicking a left renal mass.AJR Am J Roentgenol1996. 167:1508\u20131509."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b3","series-title":"Am J Dis Child","first-page":"994","article-title":"Splenorenal fusion: heterotopia simulating a primary renal neoplasm.","volume":"131","author":"Gonzalez-Crussi, F.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Crussi, F., S.Raibley, T. V.Ballantine, and J. L.Grosfeld. Splenorenal fusion: heterotopia simulating a primary renal neoplasm.Am J Dis Child1977. 131:994\u2013996."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b4","series-title":"Psychosomatics","first-page":"414","article-title":"Hematologic side effects of psychotropics.","volume":"40","author":"Oyesanmi, O.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Oyesanmi, O., E. J.Kunkel, D. A.Monti, and H. L.Field. Hematologic side effects of psychotropics.Psychosomatics1999. 40:414\u2013421."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b5","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"812","article-title":"Right splenorenal fusion with associated hypersplenism.","volume":"126","author":"Rosenthal, J. T.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Rosenthal, J. T., C. D.Bedetti, R. F.Labayen, W. C.Christy, and R.Yakulis. Right splenorenal fusion with associated hypersplenism.J Urol1981. 126:812\u2013814."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b6","series-title":"Aust N Z J Surg","first-page":"431","article-title":"Splenic regeneration following splenectomy for traumatic rupture.","volume":"53","author":"Kiroff, G. K.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kiroff, G. K., A.Mangos, R.Cohen, B. E.Chatterton, and G. G.Jamieson. Splenic regeneration following splenectomy for traumatic rupture.Aust N Z J Surg1983. 53:431\u2013434."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b7","series-title":"J Urol","first-page":"152","article-title":"Splenosis presenting as a left renal mass indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma.","volume":"146","author":"Bock, D. B.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bock, D. B., B. F.King, H. P.Hezmall, and J. E.Oesterling. Splenosis presenting as a left renal mass indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma.J Urol1991. 146:152\u2013154."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b8","series-title":"Virchows Arch Pathol Anat","first-page":"237","article-title":"Accessory spleens in epididymis and spermatic cord.","volume":"259","author":"Tallman, I. M.","year":"1926","unstructured":"Tallman, I. M.\n          \n          Accessory spleens in epididymis and spermatic cord.\n          Virchows Arch Pathol Anat\n          1926. 259:237."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b9","series-title":"Arch Pathol Anat","first-page":"36","article-title":"Milzgewebe in linken Ovarium des linken Individulateiles eines menschlichen Thorokapagus.","volume":"324","author":"Von Hochstetter, A.","year":"1953","unstructured":"Von Hochstetter, A.\n          \n          Milzgewebe in linken Ovarium des linken Individulateiles eines menschlichen Thorokapagus.\n          Arch Pathol Anat\n          1953. 324:36\u201354."},{"key":"i1543-2165-127-1-e1-b10","series-title":"Urologe A","first-page":"227","article-title":"Fusion of an ectopic spleen with the left kidney: preoperative diagnosis: adenocarcinoma of the kidney [in German].","volume":"24","author":"Constantine, E.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Constantine, E., N.Schmeller, and A.Hofstetter. Fusion of an ectopic spleen with the left kidney: preoperative diagnosis: adenocarcinoma of the kidney [in German].Urologe A1985. 24:227\u2013228."}],"container-title":["Archives of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe1.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/aplm\/article-pdf\/127\/1\/e1\/2735427\/0003-9985(2003)127_e1_lssfwm_2_0_co_2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe1.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe1.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T01:05:09Z","timestamp":1770771909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aplm.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/arpa\/127\/1\/article-pe1.xml"}},"subtitle":["A Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2003-127-e1-lssfwm","relation":{},"ISSN":["1543-2165","0003-9985"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1543-2165","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-9985","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}